SEVERSK , a city of regional subordination, a closed administrative-territorial association in the Tomsk region; located on the right bank of the Tom River, 20 km (by road) north of Tomsk. Founded in 1949 as a factory village in connection with the construction of the Siberian Chemical Plant (plant No. 816). The original code name was post office box No. 5, from 1951 - the village of Berezki, Tomsk-7. Since 1954 - Seversk. The secrecy status was lifted in 1989. Since 1997 - ZATO, which includes, in addition to Seversk, the villages of Samus, Orlovka, Chernilytsikovo, the villages of Kizhirovo and Semiozerki. Population (thousands of people): 1989 - 103.0; 1998 - 118.0; 2002 - 109.1; 2007 - 107.1 (with subordinate settlements 114.0).
On the territory of modern Seversk there were the villages of Iglakovo (founded in 1656) and Beloborodovo (founded in the early 18th century). In 1949, the Council of Ministers of the USSR adopted a resolution on the creation of a plant for the production of highly enriched uranium and plutonium near Tomsk (launched in 1953). Simultaneously with the chemical plant, a thermal power plant was built - one of the most powerful power plants in Russia at that time (launched in 1953, in 1961 it reached its design capacity). In 1958, the second nuclear power plant in the USSR, the Siberian one, came into operation. The construction of the chemical plant and the city was largely carried out at the expense of military construction units and prisoners.
The city has one of the largest monuments to Vladimir Lenin in the country.
The main sectors of the economy are the nuclear and chemical industries. The city-forming enterprise is the Siberian Chemical Plant, which includes a thermal power plant and a nuclear power plant. There are: construction and industrial joint-stock company "Khimstroy", electrical installation enterprise MSU-74, OJSC "Prommekhanomontazh", Samussky shipbuilding and ship repair plant, food industry enterprises. In order to provide electricity to the growing needs of the Tomsk region, in recent years the issue of constructing the Seversk NPP has been considered.
There are 5 scientific institutions in Seversk: Research and Design Institute of the Siberian Chemical Combine (founded 1952), Siberian Branch of the State Scientific Research Institute, Federal State Unitary Enterprise Tomsk State Design and Survey Institute, Seversk Biophysical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of Russia (opened in 2000), Research Institute of Gastroenterology Siberian State Medical University (2002). There are 45 kindergartens, 18 secondary schools, a gymnasium, 2 lyceums, an evening general education school, a basic general education boarding school, a special (correctional) boarding school, 8 sports, 2 music, an art school, a children's creativity center, an additional education center. Search", college of arts, industrial college, 2 vocational schools, Seversk State Technological Academy, Seversk Training Center for Humanitarian Facts of Tomsk State University, musical theater, theater for children and youth, youth theater "Our World", 2 cinemas, clubs, network libraries, natural park (opened in 1953), museum. The city has 3 sports complexes, a roller ski track, and the Yunost sports camp. In 1998, the Orthodox Church of the Vladimir Icon of the Mother of God was opened. 3 newspapers, a magazine are published, and a television and radio company operates. Healthcare is represented by a medical and sanitary unit, a rehabilitation center for children and adolescents with disabilities, 2 sanatoriums for adults, a children's sanatorium, a military hospital, and the Samus linear hospital.
The coat of arms was approved in 1998: in a silver field framed by an olive wreath, a ball surrounded by 15, collected in groups of 5, intersecting elongated rings; all figures are azure. The ball and the through ovals surrounding it make up the sign of the atom - the emblem of nuclear production; olive branch (symbol of peace) indicate the creative, peaceful nature of nuclear production. The azure color speaks of the beauty and youth of Seversk, the greatness of the work of its inhabitants; silver symbol of peace, innocence and purity.
Lit.: History of Seversk. Tomsk, 1999; Geography of Russia: Encyclopedic Dictionary. M., 1998; All Russia. Cities and towns: Encyclopedia. M., 2001.
SI. Andreenkov, E.V. Komleva
General information and history of Seversk
The city of Seversk or, as it is commonly called, ZATO, a closed administrative-territorial entity, was founded in the Tomsk region in the 60s of the last century. Officially, the date of its “birth” in all information directories is 1954 - it was then that the settlement next to the Siberian Chemical Plant of the Rosatom system was given the status of “city”. So the village of Beloborodovo “turned” into the city of Seversk, and then became the city of “Tomsk-7”. This place was called “Fifth Post Office” and something else, but then the city became Seversk again. And this is the main point.
Panorama of Seversk
Explosion of Tomsk-7[edit]
There was a nuclear accident at the Tomsk-7 Reprocessing Complex on April 6, 1993, when a tank exploded due to the formation of red oil while nitric acid was being added to the plutonium-uranium mixture. The explosion resulted in a cloud of radioactive gas. TIME magazine named the explosion of Tomsk-7 one of the 10 "worst nuclear disasters" in the world. [10] The explosion had a force of approximately 100 kg of TNT and destroyed most of the outer wall of the high-level radioactive materials processing room. [11]A small amount of released radioactive material was blown north by winds, some landing over the nearby village of Georgievka. [12]
Climate and ecology of Seversk
The climate in these places is continental, according to Wikipedia. Winters are cold, summers are warm, humidity is moderate... However, something unimaginable has been happening lately! In winter there is slush, and in summer there is continuous rain mixed with mosquitoes. The lines between the seasons are gradually blurred - it turns out to be a kind of “eternal” off-season - damp, cool and uncomfortable! Maybe the “global warming” that they talk about so much is to blame? More likely.
Weather “neither winter nor summer”
As for the environment, what can it be like next to an enterprise engaged in uranium processing? None... Tomsk residents often scold Seversk and the wind rose for “rushing” straight to the regional one. They are probably right, but this does not make it any easier for the people of the North. A new huge area was recently cleared for the cemetery on Predzavodskaya. There are few old people in the city; many people die “very young” by the standards of other cities. It is believed that if a deceased person is 60, then he has “aged.” That's what "ecology" is all about.
Ice Palace North SK
The indoor ice skating rink awaits its visitors every day. The skating rink hosts public skating, skate rentals, and vending machines with hot drinks. Seversk is famous for its hockey team, which is called “Neftyanik-Smena”. Anyone can come and support the athletes.
Location: Kalinina street - 157.
Population of Seversk
The population of Seversk is almost 109,000 people who live directly in the ZATO itself, plus about 5,000 more who are only nominally “listed” as Seversk residents, but live in the village of Samus, the villages of Orlovka, Kizhirovo, Semiozerki and Chernilshchikovo. All these settlements have recently been included in the closed administrative-territorial entity.
Samus village
Nothing "remarkable". Just a town. Just for life. With all her problems and worries. How to survive, how to raise and teach children. If everything is in order with the schools, then then only go to colleges, the only Industrial College or the Industrial Institute.
Seversky Technological Institute
A “normal” tower is only in Tomsk. To get by bus to his university, institute or academy, a Seversky student spends 40 minutes a day there and the same amount back. This is if there are no traffic jams, and lately there have been plenty of them in the regional center. Especially on “popular” routes, which traditionally include “magpie” routes. It’s funny... Route No. 40 “Seversk-Tomsk-Seversk” has not existed for a long time, and its name has become a household name for all modern routes between the regional center and the closed town.
Traditionally, you need to add from 5 to 25 minutes at the checkpoint to the travel time. And even more. The city of Seversk is literally surrounded by barbed wire with no man's land. It is guarded along the entire perimeter by internal troops. And residents and guests of the city can only get into Seversk with special passes with a photo and personal data. The first comrades are the holder of a permanent document, the second are issued a one-time document.
Central checkpoint
Therefore, when crossing a checkpoint, people get out of the bus and personal cars in a friendly manner, run to the checkpoint, and after passing it, get back into the vehicle. As for cars and public transport, as well as their drivers, they enter special booths, where they are also checked. When leaving the checkpoint, they “meet” their passengers. The whole procedure takes a lot of time, but it cannot be avoided...
Previously, you had to go through a checkpoint when leaving the city, but then the exit was made free. Two booths at each checkpoint are open, but also under surveillance. You should not try to drive through them - the sensors will work and plates will immediately rise from the ground, preventing movement.
However, students from Seversk are not given dormitories. For unknown reasons, they are not considered non-residents. From villages and towns, as well as other cities of the Tomsk region - yes, but from the North - no! Who decided this and when is unknown.
But more and more residents of Seversk are traveling to the regional center to work. There is almost no such thing in my hometown, if we talk about normal conditions and decent earnings. The lines at the checkpoint are growing every day, so not many students make it to the diploma. They drop out, transfer to correspondence, etc. Or they go to Tomsk and rent an apartment there. In short, it's all fuss and bustle. Vanity…
Extreme Park
Extreme Park is a place for active recreation in a quiet birch forest. At the base you can rent barbecues and houses, open and closed gazebos for family recreation. On the territory of the extreme park there is an obstacle course, a shooting range, archery and crossbow shooting, a climbing wall, paintball, ATV and snowmobiling, sports grounds for playing volleyball, basketball and football, cheesecake slides, as well as a cafeteria and a large hall for holding banquets.
Districts and real estate of Seversk
Seversk map
Geographically, Seversk lies on the right bank of the Tom River, a little over twelve kilometers from the regional center - Tomsk.
New bridge
The town stands on a steep cliff, and if you go out onto this very cliff, then a little more and in fact you can see far to the right along the river where it flows into the full-flowing beauty - the Ob. The city is currently considered the largest ZATO of the Rosatom system. And the enterprise that is still considered a “city-forming” enterprise is Siberian Chemical Combine, a giant of the country’s defense complex, a world leader in the production of highly enriched uranium-235 and plutonium-239.
In general, life in the city today is far from sugar! The times when it was believed that Seversk residents were “chocolate lovers” are long gone. They have benefits, money, a zoo, cleanliness and cakes from Lakomka there - “behind the thorns”! And in regional Tomsk there is only dirt from the objects.
In Seversk, however, it is still clean. At least on the main streets. And there is only one of them in the town - Kommunistichesky Avenue.
Seversk Communist
Two more run parallel to the main city “artery” - Lenin and Kalinin streets. The first stretches along the barbed wire of the guarded “perimeter”, behind which there is a cliff above the Tom River. The second is on the other side of Kommunistichesky, closer to the industrial zone and the cemetery. Seversk is traditionally divided into “old” and “new”. In old microdistricts, low-rise buildings of “Stalinist” construction predominate; in new ones, high-rise buildings dominate.
Krupskaya Street
If we talk about cleanliness on the streets and well-kept courtyards, then things are best in the old city - where residents of one- and two-entrance houses with a couple of floors consider the housing truly “theirs.” On Pushkin, Mir and Pervomaiskaya it is quiet and nice, in the courtyards there are flower beds and painted borders, and in the entrances for the New Year there are festive posters and spruce bouquets with tinsel and toys.
The dirtiest places are on Severnaya and Kalinin streets in the area of the Sputnik store - all winter there are syringes mixed with dirty snow porridge, empty beer bottles, fragments of window glass, torn garbage bags...
Kommunistichesky Avenue is very clean - there are many flower beds on the sidewalks, wipers are constantly working. What can I say - the main street of the city! The position obliges...
One of the unpleasant “innovations” of recent years is mountains of garbage in yards. All over Seversk. Straight into greasy plastic bags, freshly taken out of household buckets. There are no containers, but everything is piled up in terrible heaps. Even where there are garbage chutes in houses! Just some kind of “fad”. “I left the apartment - take the trash outside, put it at the entrance”! And this despite the fact that garbage trucks run regularly. Wait and throw it away! No! They put it at houses. This has never happened before...
Despite the fact that the city is very small, and there is practically no work here, housing prices are not at all small and do not differ much from the cost of real estate in regional Tomsk - on average 37,000 - 39,000 rubles per square meter in new buildings, a little cheaper if housing secondary.
Victory Street
But everything, of course, depends on the apartment - there are some that even after a hundred years, they will not rise in price! So they will be “affordable housing”. For example, the first and last floors in five-story panel buildings - somewhere in the Mud Baths area or along Stroiteley Street - will still cost “pennies” - even if they are three- or four-room! And selling them - oh, how difficult it is...
As for housing and utility bills, oh, how they “bite”! If you don’t receive a social security subsidy, then paying for light, heat and other “benefits of civilization” turns out to be very expensive - up to 4 thousand for a “normal” two-room apartment. For a 4-room apartment in new buildings on Pobeda and Slavskogo streets - almost 7 thousand rubles.
City infrastructure
There are many schools and kindergartens in the city - in this sense, the infrastructure is very, very developed. There are a lot of sports sections where children are still admitted for free. Well, most of them anyway. There are several sports schools of the Olympic reserve - MBOU DOD SDYUSSHOR gymnastics named after R. Kuznetsov, MBOU DOD Youth Sports School named after. L. Egorova, MBOU DODS SDYUSSHOR "Yantar", MBOU DODS SDYUSSHOR "Leader", MBOU DODS Youth Sports School "Rus". These educational institutions train personnel for the country's sports teams in gymnastics, swimming, cross-country skiing, volleyball and basketball, athletics, hockey, etc. Among the Severnians who became famous throughout the world for their sporting achievements are skier Lyubov Egorova, gymnasts Anton Golotsutskov, Konstantin Pluzhnikov and Margarita Aliychuk, as well as many other athletes.
Medical care is traditionally quite good. There are two large clinics plus two hospital campuses of a stationary type - in the “old” city and on Chekista. In the city, you can virtually undergo any examination with rare exceptions. The Perinatal Center has recently been put into operation, where pregnant women from all over the region are eager to come for observation and give birth! When called, an ambulance arrives almost instantly. Firstly, the city itself is small. Secondly, the roads are good, for the most part, and traffic jams have never been heard of here.
Sovremennik Square
This is the main square of the city, which has a large musical fountain and many benches. It hosts major citywide events and celebrations of significant events for the city. On weekends, animators work here to entertain children with fun and educational programs. In winter, a huge ice town is built on the square, which delights both adults and children. And on holidays, famous people of Russia give their concerts.
Enterprises and work in Seversk
A lot has been written about the city-forming enterprise - the Siberian Chemical Combine - with definitions like “the best”, “the most powerful”, “the largest”, etc. without fail. An ordinary “average” city dweller is unlikely to judge how relevant all these epithets are today. Everyone knows only two facts for sure: about three years ago, another one was added to the abbreviation SKhK - TVEL, and very few people now work at the plant compared to the past. Many were laid off.
SCC
And recently, SCC has become increasingly “notorious.” Thanks to the arrest in June 2012 of its general director, Vladimir Korotkevich, on charges of commercial bribery. When the media reported this, the whole city was shocked.” And this is without exaggeration.
Previously, working at the Siberian Chemical Combine was “fashionable” - the status of “plant employee” guaranteed a relatively high salary, all kinds of benefits, quick access to housing, early retirement, etc. Now other enterprises are “in trend” - for example, in the gas and oil industries. Many townspeople earn money on a “shift basis” and are very satisfied with life.
Contract service in the Seversk Division of Internal Troops of the Ministry of Internal Affairs is considered especially prestigious. And what? The money they pay is “crazy” by local standards. The schedule – “day, night, sleep, weekend” – couldn’t be more convenient. No special overloads. Some check the documents of citizens passing and passing through numerous checkpoints, others sit in some “mysterious” computerized gatehouses, around which snow is constantly cleared in winter. They come home tired, cursing the weather. Their relatives and friends have a strong feeling that all these people work as janitors and security guards, only in military uniform. In this regard, the population has questions about why they pay several times less for clearing snow and guarding shops in the city than in guardhouses?
Seversk division
No, well, maybe the employees of the Seversk division perform a daily military feat, but since the general mass of the population does not notice it at the first, second, or third close glance, the city does not like the “warrior”. Not everyone specifically, but in general. For the cars that they “collected” for themselves and placed, “bastards,” all over Seversk; for loans given to them by banks; for free trips with the whole family to the sea; for housing on a military mortgage; for... and a lot more “for what.”
Public catering.
He is. Different. Among the most “delicious” and “entertaining” is the “Venice” cafe on Pobeda Street. During the day you can have a good meal at Megapolis and Galaktika. Have a snack with a cake or pie with coffee at Lakomka or the Antonov Dvor cafeteria.
there are no dishes. Once upon a time - well, about 10 years ago for sure - in the Cosmos cafe, on the outskirts of the Natural Park, you could eat a rare horror - “Pork under orange” - a piece of meat, on top of an unpeeled circle of citrus, and all this - under the “porridge” "made from cheese and mayonnaise. Brr!
You can eat very inexpensively in the canteen of the School Food Plant on Kalinina Street. In the same building there is a culinary shop of the same “KShP” - so, the whites there are simply delicious! And the cakes are delicious.
A good selection of dishes in the Khimstroy canteen. True, the dining experience here is not always pleasant. Whether it depends on the chef’s shift or something else is unknown, but sometimes it’s tasty, and sometimes, to put it mildly, not so much. Lottery…
The shops.
Again different. Well, what can I say. Eat. Of course have! Both grocery and industrial. But shopping in Seversk?! It's even funnier than catering. Among the “decent places” is the new shopping center “Marmelite” - it’s beautiful there and sometimes even noisy!
Seversk Marmelite
You can also go to Food City - but, rather, for groceries. True, there are a couple of very decent shops there with an industrial assortment and even decorated “in a metropolitan style” - you can stop by and even “shop around”. But, if you have a wedding or some other important event, if you want to globally update wardrobe or purchase furniture - this is, for the most part, wellcom in Tomsk. There the choice is many times wider, and there is a chance to buy something really worthwhile.
As for the “food basket,” there is a place to fill it in Seversk. But what a paradox! The more stores open with packed display cases and shelves, the less you want to buy anything there! All “Maria-Ra” and “Halliday discounts”! What kind of shops are these, God forgive me?! Where do they get “all these goods”??? What kind of manufacturing companies are they, and where did all this lie until it fell on us? In defense warehouses in Honduras? And even bread? Well, there is no desire to buy anything!
That's why. Only “Food City”, with proven, like. Well, also “Apricot” - but this is the same “Lama”. And so does the grocery department at Marmelite.
For meat, go to the market in Tomsk, and if here, then to the department in the Grani shopping center on Pobeda Street. Fish and seafood in specialized “Gifts of the Sea” on Kalinina Street. There you can always buy fresh beer on tap.
Crime situation in Seversk
The “criminal situation” in the town is very smooth. They steal, of course. In transport, in public places. Apartments are being taken out, but less often. And in stores, theft is simply endemic - it seems that everyone steals - both sellers and buyers. And what? All the same, the administration will spread the damage to everyone at the end of the month. So why stand on the sidelines?
Maybe that’s why in small Seversk, salesman is one of the most sought-after professions? They are constantly needed! On a par with taxi drivers and dispatchers. Moreover, today the same salesman works in one store, tomorrow in another, the day after tomorrow in a third, and next week in the first again! This is the “circle” of sellers in nature...
But murders... Well, perhaps only domestic ones, “drunk”, and even then - very rarely. Alcoholics in Seversk are peaceful and have no problems in this regard. It's worse with drug addicts. There are many of them, especially among young people. And even children. They imprison sellers of “dope”, they imprison them, but apparently all of them are small and the wrong ones. Therefore, buying heroin, hashish, synthetic “fen” and “speed” in the city is no problem... if you want.
In one of the offices of the local police department there is still a scary poster: “80% of Seversk schoolchildren have tried drugs.” One of the experienced inspectors made a terrible, but apparently justified correction - crossed out the number “80” and wrote “100” on top with a felt-tip pen. This is such a sad statistic...
So, about grave and especially grave crimes. They are few. In recent years, we can only remember two “high-profile” murders. And both are “black” realtors. One was shot at the entrance to his own house, the other died stupidly and horribly - they say he was kidnapped and left in the garage overnight, extorting money and seeking redistribution of the market. But for some reason they taped not only the mouth, but also the nose! The man simply suffocated...
Rape... Maybe there is, but... the city is small, everyone knows each other. Probably women simply prefer not to report. She remained alive - and thank God! And so that “loud” ones don’t come to mind...
Car thefts are few and far between, and what's the point? You won't get far! There is barbed wire all around.
Along the perimeter
Maximum - they'll ride and quit. And in general, for those who live in the “zone” - and the city is really closed - every crime is visible. Yes, and it’s easier to reveal it, apparently - someone heard something, someone saw something, everyone knows each other, everyone knows everything about everyone...
Natural Park
The natural park is a place where you can relax for children, adults, and couples in love. At the entrance to the park there is a large light fountain, which is designed in the form of a labyrinth. Along the perimeter of the park there are many benches and cafes where you can warm up on a cold evening. Children can go on fun rides, taste delicious ice cream and cotton candy.
Animators conduct daily theatrical competitions and performances in which children can participate for free. Couples in love can walk through the forest, where pines, lindens, larch, cedar and other trees grow. In total, about 40 shrubs and trees of different sizes grow here.
Location: Mira Street - 26.
