Aksay (Rostov region) sights and history of the city

Aksai

, a city in Russia, the administrative center of the Aksai urban settlement and district of the Rostov region, within the Aksai deanery of the Rostov-on-Don diocese. Located on the steep right bank of the river bend. Don, at the confluence of the river. Aksai (Don sleeve). An industrial satellite city 16 km from Rostov-on-Don. Railway station of the North Caucasus Railway. Pier on the Don River. Near Aksay there is a bypass highway that goes around Rostov-on-Don from the east. Population - 45.1 thousand people. (2018)

• On the map: Yandex.Map, Google map

According to legend, on the slopes of the Kobyakova Balka in the Kobyakov settlement in 1185, in the camp of the Polovtsian Khan Kobyak, the captive Novgorod-Seversk prince Igor Svyatoslavovich, the hero of “The Tale of Igor’s Campaign,” languished.

Aksai was founded by the Don Cossacks in the second half of the 16th century as a town. First mentioned in 1569 as the village of Ust-Aksai

.

During the Azov campaigns of 1695-1696 by Peter I and subsequently in the fight against the Turks for Russia’s access to the southern seas, the village served as a guard post controlling the approaches to Cherkassk - at that time the center of the Don Army Region. In the 18th century, there was a system of earthen fortifications connected by underground passages and equipped with warehouses with food and weapons supplies. In the winter of 1783/84, A.V. was in the Ust-Aksai camp. Suvorov, commander of the Kuban Corps.

Until the 18th century, the town changed a number of names: Nizhnie Razdory

(discord - the confluence of two rivers and the land between them);
Kobyakovsky
(Kobyak is a Tatar personal name);
Atamansky
,
Nizhny
.

In 1720-1740, a royal and then a customs outpost was located on Aksai land.

In 1742 it was mapped as Ust-Aksai Stan

, where Aksai is “white sai” (sai is a Turkic word for “dry bed, ravine, stream in a ravine, river”).

In 1768, the first wooden Trinity Church with a chapel in honor of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker was built in Aksai. A little later, in 1783, on the site of the previous dilapidated one, a new stone church was founded. The main organizer of the new church was Father Vasily Petrov. Trinity Church was demolished in 1937. Now at this place there is the Walk of Fame of Heroes - Aksay residents.

Since 1791 - the village of Aksai

.

At the turn of the 19th century, the Aksai village was home to more than 5 thousand indigenous people and more than 2 thousand non-residents, there were 5 schools, a nautical class, three churches, 8 mills, one glass mill, 2 candle factories, 2 pottery factories and 7 fish factories.

In Aksai, narrow, stone-paved streets descend to the banks of the Don, and small bridges span the ravines. The main streets are lined with one- and two-story classicist houses from the 1st half of the 19th century with three windows on the main façade and side galleries.

The village of Aksayskaya developed rapidly and by the end of the first quarter of the 19th century it became one of the largest and most prosperous villages in the land of the Don Army.

The economic development of the Aksai village reaches its heyday in 1860-1863, when from Grushevsky copies (now the city of Shakhty) to the station. Aksai built the first railway on the Don. On January 1, 1864, railway traffic opened

Among the architectural monuments: the postal caretaker's house and postal station (19th century, classicism), Hodegetrievskaya Church (1897) in the Russian-Byzantine style.

On July 1, 1924, the Aksai rural district was formed with its center in the city of Nakhichevan-on-Don.

During the Great Patriotic War, the village was occupied by Nazi troops from November 21 to 29, 1941.

In 1957, the village of Aksai was transformed into the city of Aksai

.

In 1963, the Aksai district was abolished, and its territory was transferred to the Azov region. In 1965, after the change of the country's top leadership, the Aksai region was restored to its former borders.

The city has a local history museum, the Chemical Product Production Association, a canning factory, a glass factory, etc. A repair and operational base for the Volga-Don River Shipping Company fleet.

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Geography[edit | edit code]

Aksai is located in the north of the region, in the steppe zone, near the Utva River (the left tributary of the Ural River).
The city has a Kazakhstan

West Kazakhstan Railway of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Road junction: Aksai - Burlin - Uralsk, Aksai - Tikhonovka (Burlinsky district) - Uralsk, Aksai - Chingirlau - Aktobe, Aksai - Aleksandrovka (Burlinsky district) - Zhympity, Aksai - Ilek (via the Karachaganak field).

The Uralsk-Orenburg (via Burlinsky district) and Aksai-Ilek (via the Karachaganak field) highways cross the Kazakh-Russian border at the Aksaisky border checkpoint opposite the village of Ilek (Ilek district, Orenburg region) on the Russian side.

Sights of Aksay

• Museum complex "Customs Outpost" - contains exhibits of everyday life, maps, manuscripts, images of weapons of customs officers of the 18th century.
• Museum "Post Station 19th Century".
• Temple of the Icon of the Mother of God "Hodegetria".
• “Suvorov's House” is a military history museum, exhibits from the mid-20th century.
• Military-historical museum of the city of Aksay . The exhibition includes Soviet and Russian equipment, tunnels, and the underground command post of the SKO.
• Underground passage system.

Deputies of the Assembly of Deputies of the Aksai urban settlement

Notes

1. Aksai village // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - St. Petersburg, 1890-1907.
2. ↑. Access date: April 27, 2022.
3. . www.gks.ru. Date accessed: August 6, 2022.
4. Great Russian Encyclopedia: In 30 volumes / Chairman of scientific editor. Council Yu. S. Osipov. Rep. edited by S. L. Kravets. T. 1. A - Questioning. - M.: Great Russian Encyclopedia, 2005. - 766 p.: ill.: map.
5. (June 3, 2011).
6. Geographical names of the world: Toponymic dictionary. - M: AST. Pospelov E. M. 2001
7. The embassy was sent late: Selim's accession to the throne took place in 1566.
8. Aksai - “white sai” (sai - Turks. “dry bed, ravine, stream in a ravine, river”).
9. The school accepted children from 13 to 17 years old into the 1st grade, and 1-2 years older into the 2nd and 3rd grades. Students were required to be in good health and have normal vision. A fee was charged for school education: 5 rubles per year from village students who contributed funds for the maintenance of the school, and 10 rubles per year from the rest. Among the graduates of the Aksai Navigation Classes is the hero of the White Movement A.P. Padalkin, a merchant Cossack of the village of Aksai.
10. That is, the Marines.
11. ↑
12. . Demoscope Weekly. Access date: September 25, 2013.
13. . Demoscope Weekly. Access date: September 25, 2013.
14. . Demoscope Weekly. Access date: September 25, 2013.
15. .
16. (2002). Date accessed: May 31, 2022.
17. . Access date: January 2, 2014.
18. . Access date: May 31, 2014.
19. . Access date: November 16, 2013.
20. . Date accessed: August 2, 2014.
21. . Date accessed: August 6, 2015.
22. (October 5, 2018). Access date: May 15, 2022.
23. (July 31, 2017). Access date: July 31, 2022.
24. . Access date: July 25, 2022.
25. . Access date: July 31, 2022.
26. . Access date: October 17, 2022.
27. taking into account the cities of Crimea
28. (RAR archive (1.0 MB)). Federal State Statistics Service
    .
29. . gorod-aksay.ru. Date accessed: December 8, 2022.
30. . aksayland.ru. Date accessed: December 9, 2022.
31. . www.crb-aksay.ru. Date accessed: December 7, 2022.
32. . aksayobr.ru. Date accessed: December 7, 2022.
33. . Openarium.ru
    . Date accessed: December 9, 2022.

Aksai

People associated with the city

• Gulaev, Nikolai Dmitrievich (February 26 - September 27) - fighter pilot, twice Hero of the Soviet Union, third of the Soviet aces in the number of aircraft shot down during the Great Patriotic War, Colonel General of Aviation.
• Kupovets, Viktor Vladimirovich - 1983 world champion in track cycling, Honored Master of Sports of the USSR.
• Padalkin, Alexey Petrovich (—) - rode up the Great Don Army, hero of the First World War and the White Movement, Don diplomat and intelligence officer.
• Rubakho, Filipp Yakovlevich (—) - Hero of the Soviet Union, sniper of a separate battalion of marines at the Novorossiysk naval base of the Black Sea Fleet.
• Sergeev, Alexander Leonidovich (December 8 - January 1) - Russian sinologist, author of numerous scientific works on the history and culture of China.

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Geography

Geographical position
The city is located in the southeast of the Russian Plain, in the southwestern part of the Rostov region, on the steep right bank of the bend of the Don River, at the confluence of the Aksai branch. Aksai is one of the closest cities to Rostov-on-Don, being 12 km east of its center (only Bataysk is closer, this is the distance between the cities’ post offices). The distance between the blocks of the two cities is less than 1 kilometer in a straight line or about 1.5 kilometers along the road.

Time zone

Aksai, like the entire Rostov region, is located in the MSC time zone (Moscow time). The applied time offset relative to UTC is +3:00.

Climate

The climate is moderate continental. Winter is mild; the average temperature in January is −4.4 °C. Summer is hot, long, with predominantly sunny weather; the average temperature in July is +22.9 °C. Precipitation is 600 mm per year.

• Average annual temperature: +9.7 °C
• Absolute minimum air temperature: −31.9 °C
• Absolute maximum air temperature: +39.8 °C
• Average annual wind speed: 2.4 m/s
• Average annual humidity: 72%
• Average duration of frost-free period: 6 months
• Average duration of snow cover: 10-20 days
• Duration of the heating season: 6 months

Climate of Aksay, Rostov-on-Don

Links[edit]

Notes[edit]

1. ^ abcdefgh Law No. 340-ZS
2. ^ abcdefgh Encyclopedia of Russian Cities
   . Moscow: Great Russian Encyclopedia. 2003. p. 15. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
3. ^ a b Federal State Statistics Service (2011). “All-Russian Population Census 2010. Volume 1" [All-Russian Population Census 2010, vol. 1]. All-Russian Population Census 2010 [All-Russian Population Census 2010]
   . Federal State Statistics Service.
4. "26. The size of the permanent population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2022". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2022.
5. ^ abcde Law No. 240-ZS
6. "On the Calculation of Time". Official Internet portal of legal information
   . June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2022.
7. Post office. Information and computing center of OASU RPO. ( Post office
   ).
   Search for postal service objects ( postal Search for objects
   ) (in Russian)
8. ↑
   Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (May 21, 2004).
   “The population of Russia, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation as part of federal districts, urban settlements, settlements, settlements of 3 thousand or more people” [Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal districts, districts, urban settlements, rural settlements - administrative centers and rural settlements with a population of more than 3,000 people] (XLS). All-Russian Population Census 2002
   .
9. “All-Union Population Census of 1989. The current population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous regions and districts, territories, negative phenomena, urban settlements and rural district centers” [All-Union Population Census of 1989: current population of union and autonomous republics, Autonomous regions and districts , territories, regions, districts, towns and villages performing the functions of district administrative centers. All-Union Population Census of 1989 [All-Union Population Census of 1989]
   .
   Institute of Demography of the National Research University: Higher School of Economics [Institute of Demography of the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 - via Demoscope Weekly
   .
10. Sights of Aksay

People associated with the city

• Gulaev, Nikolai Dmitrievich (February 26 - September 27) - fighter pilot, twice Hero of the Soviet Union, third of the Soviet aces in the number of aircraft shot down during the Great Patriotic War, Colonel General of Aviation.
• Kupovets, Viktor Vladimirovich - 1983 world champion in track cycling, Honored Master of Sports of the USSR.
• Padalkin, Alexey Petrovich (—) - rode up the Great Don Army, hero of the First World War and the White Movement, Don diplomat and intelligence officer.
• Rubakho, Filipp Yakovlevich (—) - Hero of the Soviet Union, sniper of a separate battalion of marines at the Novorossiysk naval base of the Black Sea Fleet.
• Sergeev, Alexander Leonidovich (December 8 - January 1) - Russian sinologist, author of numerous scientific works on the history and culture of China.

Recommendations

Sources

• Legislative Assembly of the Rostov region. Law No. 340-ZS of July 25, 2005 “On the administrative-territorial structure of the Rostov region,” as amended. Law No. 270-ZS of November 27, 2014 “On Amendments to the Regional Law” On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of the Rostov Region “”. Came into force on the date of official publication. Published: “Our Time”, No. 187–190, July 28, 2005 (Legislative Assembly of the Rostov Region. Law No. 340-ZS of July 28, 2005 “ On the administrative-territorial structure of the Rostov Region”
  as amended by Law No. 270 -ZS dated November 27, 2014 “
  On Amendments to the Regional Law “On Administrative Management”).
  -Territorial structure of the Rostov region" . Comes into force on the date of official publication.).
• Legislative Assembly of the Rostov region. Law No. 240-ZS of December 27, 2004 “On establishing boundaries and conferring the status of the state municipal formation” Aksai district “and municipal formations within it”, as amended. Law No. 409-ZS of May 4, 2010 “On Amendments to the Regional Law” On establishing boundaries and granting the status of the municipal formation “Aksai District” and the municipalities within it “”. Entered into force on January 1, 2005. Published: “Our Time”, No. 339, December 29, 2004 (Legislative Assembly of the Rostov Region. Law of December 27, 2004 No. 240-ZS “ On establishing boundaries and giving the appropriate status to municipal formation “Aksai district” and its constituent municipalities
  , as amended by Law No. 409” - LC dated May 4, 2010
  On amendments to the regional law “On establishing boundaries and giving appropriate status to the municipal formation “Aksai district” and municipalities included in its composition"
  . Valid from January 1, 2005).

Economy and industry of Aksay

In the structure of the city’s economy, 60% is the turnover of companies in the consumer market, 15% each is construction and industry, the rest is agriculture, transport and other areas.

80% of industrial production is represented by companies in the processing industry, mainly plastic and rubber products. 15% - metalworking and mechanical engineering enterprises, mainly engaged in the production of spare parts for agricultural machinery and ship repairs. 10% of industrial turnover comes from the production of non-metallic mineral products.

City development[ | ]

Aksai

With the discovery of the large oil and gas condensate field of Karachaganak, the city received an impetus for accelerated development. In the early and mid-1980s, builders from the CMEA countries: Czechoslovakia and the GDR arrived in the city, they took part in the construction of technological lines at the field and the city. In 1985-1992. Several modern microdistricts of comfortable nine-story residential buildings with comprehensive social infrastructure development (schools, kindergartens, shopping and entertainment centers) were built according to projects of foreign companies (Czechoslovakia, East Germany). Since that time, the city has retained the names “Czech” and “German” houses. Powerful city sewage treatment plants have been built. Work has been carried out to create a drainage system (the city stands on quicksand and flooded areas). The railway overpass and main city roads were brought into line with European quality. All this work was carried out mainly by foreign builders and using their own technologies. Ural road workers carried out work on the construction of the asphalt road Uralsk-Burlin-Orenburg, Burlin-Aksai, Aksai-Ilek (through the territory of the Karachaganak field being developed). Initially, it was assumed that the raw materials from the field would be completely sent for processing at the Orenburg gas processing plant of the Orenburggazprom production association. And in the town of Czech builders, foreign specialists from the KPO b company are now located. c., currently developing the field under a production sharing agreement. The city was and remains one of the highest paid regions in the country.