From the published one. Is Taishet a city or a settlement? Point in the age-old dispute

Story

Taishet owes its appearance to the Trans-Siberian Railway. During its construction, in the spring of 1897, a small settlement was founded, where in the fall of the same year, with the beginning of railway traffic, a station was opened, and in 1904 a locomotive depot was built.

At the station there was a one-class school, a medical and nutritional center of the Resettlement Administration. The peasant settlers who arrived here successfully developed the nearby lands, and soon agricultural and timber cargo began to leave the station.

The convenient location in the valley of the Biryusa River (navigable at that time), as well as the proximity of the railway, contributed to the rapid development of the new settlement. In 1906 it was transformed into a village, which in 1910 became the administrative center of the Taishet volost.

During the period of collectivization, Taishet was chosen as a place of kulak exile. In its vicinity, special settlements were created for dispossessed and exiled peasants. The flow of exiles began to grow after the decision of the Politburo of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks on the construction of the BAM in 1932.

In 1937, the village of Taishet was transformed into a workers' settlement, which immediately became a regional center in the Irkutsk region created in the same year.

In March 1938, the village received city status. At that time, there were two large sawmills, a sleeper impregnation plant, a locomotive depot and a car repair point, a brick factory, a machine and tractor workshop, a steam mill and two bakeries.

Since 1938, a number of Gulag units were stationed in Taishet, and it turned into a kind of “camp capital” of the Irkutsk region. The Western section of the BAM began here. Along the route of the future railway, camps and columns of forced labor camps (ITL) were placed. This dark period in the city's history lasted until almost the 1960s. During this period the following were stationed in Taishet:

— Taishetlag (ITL UNKVD in the Irkutsk region);

- Yuzhlag (ITL GULZhDS NKVD);

— Ozerlag (ITL No. 7 with a particularly strict regime for keeping prisoners, created in 1948-1949 on the basis of Yuzhlag).

Using the free labor of prisoners, the authorities hoped to quickly build the highway. It was planned to open train traffic on the Taishet-Padun section (350 km) in 1940, and on the Padun-Lena section in 1941. But these plans were never implemented. Partly due to the poor organization of work, their poor engineering training and high costs, but mainly due to the extremely ineffective labor of prisoners. It turned out that railway construction carried out by the GULAG system is significantly inferior in efficiency to the work on the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway and other highways in pre-revolutionary Russia.

Suffice it to say that from 1932 (from the decision to build the BAM) until the start of the Great Patriotic War, only 124 km of the route (from Taishet to Chuna) were prepared, while the roadbed was filled and engineering structures were built only on a section of 76 km, and the rails were laid for 58 km. (For comparison, let us recall that in pre-revolutionary Russia, up to 2 thousand km of railway lines were built annually. This figure turned out to be unattainable in Soviet times, despite the titanic efforts of the authorities and the gigantic sacrifices of the Gulag period.)

With the outbreak of the war, the construction of the BAM was stopped. The laid railway track was dismantled, and the rails were sent to the European part of the country for defense purposes. The main contingent of the Yuzhlag, together with car repair shops, was transferred to the front-line areas and used to repair equipment. Many were sent to penal battalions; the remaining prisoners in Taishet were transferred to logging and agricultural work.

After the war, the People's Commissariat of Railways proposed to the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR to resume the construction of the highway, using not only prisoners, but also prisoners of war for work. In the fall of 1945, in addition to Taishetlag and Yuzhlag, Angarlag was created (to work on the section of the highway from Bratsk to Ust-Kut).

Construction began simultaneously in several places on the future highway. Due to the high mortality rate, the camps were constantly replenished with new batches of prisoners and prisoners of war (39 thousand Japanese prisoners of war alone arrived at the end of 1945). But work continued to proceed slowly, and in October 1948 the Taishet ITL was liquidated, creating on its basis a special camp No. 7 - Ozerlag - with a stricter regime. At the same time, the number of prisoners was increased.

At the end of the 1940s. In two ITLs, about 100 thousand people were gathered for construction work. (in Angarlag - about 60 thousand, in Ozerlag - 40 thousand). This is almost twice as much as was used in the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway at the end of the 19th century. But even such a mass of free labor could not compensate for the extremely low organizational and engineering support for construction work. To some extent, the situation was saved by the “Harbin people” - our compatriots living in Manchuria, who after the defeat of the Kwantung Army in the fall of 1945 found themselves “enemies of the people” and exiled to build the road. Many of them had extensive experience in railway construction (participated in the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railway and the Chinese Eastern Railway) and remained to work in Harbin after the revolution. The “Harbinites” stood out among other prisoners for their hard work and professionalism. Thanks to their participation, the construction of the highway went faster.

In December 1947, the railway line was laid to old Bratsk, where the first train arrived with four heated cars. This section was put into operation in the summer of 1951, after the opening of traffic on the new railway bridge across the Angara. And only in January 1959, a meeting was held in the village of Zayarsk dedicated to the commissioning of the entire Taishet-Lena highway for permanent operation.

With the help of prisoners, a number of residential buildings were built in the city (on Pushkin, Kirov, Kooperativnaya, Frunze streets, etc.), as well as some social and cultural facilities (a hospital, a hotel, a canteen, a bathhouse, several kindergartens, shops, barracks). Much of what was built during that period is still in use today.

Large human losses during the construction of the road, as well as the low efficiency of prisoners’ labor, led to the decision to postpone the construction of the BAM on the section from Lena to Amur. They returned to the implementation of this large-scale project only in 1974, declaring the BAM a shock All-Union Komsomol construction site. At that time, Taishet again became a stronghold and transit city for new railway construction.

On the eve of the crisis of the 1990s. In Taishet, a construction industry plant, an automobile repair and sleep impregnation plant, a garment factory, a meat processing plant, a food processing plant, a butter factory, a bakery, etc. were successfully operating and increasing their production volumes. Few of these once successful enterprises have survived. A construction industry plant, a garment factory, a meat processing plant, a bakery and a number of other enterprises ceased to exist.

Vinokurov M.A., Sukhodolov A.P. Cities of the Irkutsk region

Taishet fell into the flood zone that occurred at the end of June 2022. According to the press service of the government of the Irkutsk region, 53 houses were flooded in Taishet1.

Read on Irkipedia

• Political exile, revolutionary events and the Civil War in the Taishet region
• Taishet before 1917
• Taishet // “Historical Encyclopedia of Siberia” (2009)
• Taishetlag
• Who carried BAM on their shoulders
• Railway Abakan - Taishet. History of construction
• Taishet City Komsomol Committee (Gorkom) (1960–1991)
• Taishet City Party Committee (Gorkom) (1960–1991)

Our history. City on the four winds

In the old days, when the country was different, Taishet and the Taishet district were different, and the journalists were not the same as today, our region appeared quite often on the pages of regional and central media. And not in connection with incidents and other bad events, as is happening today, but in the context of our achievements and movement towards development. But in 1996, when East Siberian Pravda correspondent Evgeny Bogachev visited Taishet, things were going very poorly for us. Much worse than today. An article in VSP for April 6, 1996 is about this. Let's remember how it was.

Evgeny BOGACHEV, “East Siberian Truth” Photo by Valery KARNAUKHOV

The Siberian cities born of the Trans-Siberian Railway have their own special stamp. Over the course of a century, no matter how hard they try to try on other outfits, their “railway” equipment gives them away.

And they most often built up along and on both sides of the railway, so that they could look out of all the windows day and night at their steel nurse.

Such is Taishet.

The local station is a noisy, colorful, bustling sight. Even in the sleepy pre-dawn hours, he lives with the worries and sufferings of road wanderers. And in the motley crowd of people, absorbed and squeezed out by the next passenger train, there are more and more peddlers-baggers, seekers of work, bread or simply adventure. This is the reality. Each time has its own passengers.

Taishet24 on the social network VKontakte

The difference between Taishet and other large stations is significant. He is destined by fate and the development of Russian history to stand at the intersection of four directions, or, as the Taishetians themselves say, on the four winds. This detail largely determines the local way of life. Taishet has turned into a transit point for all kinds of goods, including drugs, and into a small Siberian Rome, because all roads now lead here.

And the city is mainly held in the pocket of the Taishet branch of the East Siberian Railway. It is from this pocket that two-thirds of the city treasury is replenished. The “nurse”, without getting tired, continues to lay golden eggs, although she herself is increasingly content with bartering from second-rate goods. There’s nothing to be done, the insolvent shipper drove her into such realities today.

Most of the other Taishet industries, born of the construction of railways to the south and north, not to mention the Trans-Siberian Railway, are withering away along with their parents abandoned to the mercy of fate.

The construction industry plant, built under the once-loud title of BAM, is dragging out a miserable existence. But thanks to him, Taishet found a second wind - microdistricts of large-panel high-rise buildings noticeably beautified the provincial wooden town and added more residents to it.

The plant for the repair of road-building machines also withered away. Here the years of labor glory and red banners are remembered with sadness. He was known far beyond the region for his ultra-precision machine tools, his foundry and, of course, his products. Having turned from a “numbered” into a mediocre farm, having passed from hand to hand, today no one needs it. The personnel - the pride of the plant - have left: some to retire, some to search for a better life.

Attempts to save the plant, according to the mayor of the city Anatoly Strelkov , have so far been unsuccessful. “Relieve us of ballast,” the director asked, handing over the factory’s social and cultural services, and then housing, to the city authorities. Incurring large expenses for their maintenance, the mayor's office did not wait for either the plant's recovery or the promised revenues from it to the city treasury. To resuscitate the ZRDSM, at least tens of billions of rubles are needed. Where can I get them?

The Biryusinsky hydrolysis plant is staying afloat. For some, for joy, for others, for misfortune. The industrial alcohol produced at the plant remains the favorite drink of impoverished townspeople and villagers.

The city's only hope lies in the railroad. But for the second year now, the chicken has been laying eggs in the regional basket, and the Taishet residents who previously lived comfortably now have to go for subsidies with an outstretched hand.

In Taishet they understand that the region is forced to help poor areas at the expense of less poor ones. But they are offended to see themselves in the role of petitioners, it’s offended to be included in the list of subsidized cities and districts.

Strelkov believes that the situation will change with the adoption of the regional law on local self-government. Maybe then the principles of self-financing will work - “stretch your legs by clothes.” It seems that by 1997 the regional administration promised to return to the Taishet residents the right to collect taxes from the railway. It seems...

Just a dot on the map of the area...

The mayor of the Taishetsky district, Valery Shchapov, recalls with nostalgia how back in the early 90s the district donated 50% of its income to the regional budget. The timber industry complex operated steadily. The peasants were pleased with high yields, milk yields and weight gain.

“We’ve been going downhill for three years now. I don’t know where we’ll stay...

During this time, timber industry enterprises reduced their volumes by half, and some by up to 80%. If earlier the Biryusinsky private household plot processed up to 200 thousand cubic meters of wood, then last year only 40 thousand; half of them are firewood.

Four villages were maintained by the timber industry enterprise. Now I have to abandon Elanka and Patrikha. This means he abandoned the people living there. Having lost their river rafting, the Biryusinians, like the Tumanshetians, themselves ran aground. It's a long way from the railway. Pine trees suitable for rafting were cut down. The raw material base is birch and aspen.

What is the demand from such timber industry enterprises if they have been sitting on file cabinets in banks for a long time and do not know how to pay off debts of 5-6 billion rubles.

Timber will be needed when the Russian construction complex starts working. It will be a long wait. For example, Kvitkovsky, Mirny timber industry enterprises or Nimax make ends meet - thanks to the need of railway workers for sleepers, thanks to the export of selected wood and lumber through the Far East. Sales markets in the Central Asian republics have been lost. It is now more profitable and cheaper for former compatriots to work with loggers in the Ural region.

The attractions of the Taishet district are six zones, two “madhouses” and two orphanages.

The main suppliers of taxes to the budget, up to 60%, are correctional colonies. They owe the district 5.5 billion rubles. It is impossible to reach Moscow, where the camps are commanded from, and strong-willed decisions are impossible on the spot. In order not to starve the prisoners, here, as elsewhere, they are actively introducing natural exchange of goods. We are your furniture, you are our bread. Barter is increasingly replacing “real money”. In 1995, the region managed to pay for 2 billion rubles in food and various goods.

Mutual offsets are held in particular esteem; two-thirds of budget funds pass through them.

At the beginning of 1996, the debt on wages, pensions, and child benefits amounted to more than nine billion rubles. By mid-March, state employees received their salaries for November. In the city of Taishet they have already paid the January tax.

“At the beginning of January, the situation was very difficult,” says Valery Shchapov. — We went to groups with explanations, took a delegation of teachers to Irkutsk. The saddest thing is that last year’s subsidy from the region was completely withdrawn. Only income and expenses did not match from the very beginning; our budget was drawn up without taking into account inflation...

And the current budget money will only last until September. The education department alone needs 42 billion, and the region has 32 billion for all needs...

Nobody knows what to do after September. It is unknown when the salary arrears of all state employees will be returned.

“They tell me: “All the money is for wages!” First of all, teachers and doctors!” And when will I pay the utilities and other public sector employees? — Anatoly Strelkov is indignant. — How to prepare for next winter? How much money will I use to provide hospitals and schools with everything they need?

No matter what the question is, it’s a persistent headache. And not only the mayor of Taishet. Although he is furiously indignant, he understands that life is even more difficult for his neighbor, the mayor of the district, Vaperiy Shchapov. The further from the city, the darker the forest and the more acute the attacks of despair. But who will respond, who will hear?

Taishet is a city of grain...

Tatyana Konotoptseva cannot escape my mind .

— Every time I come from Taishet to Irkutsk, I catch myself thinking that I find myself in a completely different world, in a different country. Such a different standard of living... Imagine how they live in our villages and towns. For them, even going to the regional center is a problem. People do not live, but survive...

Also, following the advice of a colleague, I watched how the residents of Taishet walked in an endless line to the city landfill. True, I saw other Taishet residents driving around the city in expensive foreign cars, happy with themselves and with life.

Among the prosperous citizens, the majority are businessmen. The city hall has registered about 400 entrepreneurs. This is a serious force, considering that when analyzing the past financial year, city hall employees were pleasantly surprised to see that a third of the revenues to the city treasury came from small and medium-sized entrepreneurs.

Next to the trading ones there are construction companies, often on the basis of former construction and installation trains. So there is someone to build, if only there was money.

As Anatoly Strelkov stated, the city government strongly supports entrepreneurs, although it understands that only large enterprises, such as the railway and hydrolysis plant, will form the basis for further prosperity. The city of Tayshet is, first of all, the Tayshet station. So it was, is and, apparently, will be.

It was interesting to know the view on the future of the district and the mayor Valery Shchapov:

“We can’t stay in the swamp all the time.” The “celebration of life” will come for us too. Our area is very rich...

You had to see the mayor’s eyes at those moments to understand how much you wanted to believe him in the prospects of his large and complex farm.

— Last year we managed to launch the Shitka coal mine. Even if the quality of the coal still leaves room for improvement, it is there, and the seam goes all the way to the Kansko-Achinskoye deposit. They discovered lime, enough for a hundred years. We have deposits of gold, diamonds, tantalum. There are 180 million cubic meters of mature forest in the taiga, and young trees are already growing...

The hands will reach everything, the wealth will not lie like a dead weight, the mayor believes. If only our state could avoid new, great upheavals, and we all could live in harmony and peace.

In the meantime, to the extent possible, it is necessary to build new schools in Buzykanovo and Vengerka, a kindergarten in Shitkino, roads, bridges, and power lines. It’s a shame to say, but there are two more villages in the Taishet region where electric diesel engines are running.

The time will come when agriculture will rise from its knees. In the Taishet district today there are 14 agricultural enterprises and more than 50 farms. It pains Valery Shchapov, the former head of the district agricultural department, to see that in recent years milk yield has decreased by one thousand kilograms, the number of cattle has decreased by almost two times, and the number of pigs has decreased by five. Less and less potatoes are grown. Only thanks to a good harvest we were able to maintain good grain indicators.

800 million - this is the cost of losses on the rural front last year. The problems, as elsewhere, are the same - lack of money, difficulties with marketing and selling products.

Today Taishet is ranked among the “cheapest” cities in the region. You can’t compare local prices with Irkutsk prices for bread, meat, and milk. Low prices across the region, especially in the northern regions, in Taishet are not only the merit of local administrations and commodity producers. Lady competition has her say. The proximity of the Krasnoyarsk Territory has an effect, from where goods are transported at a lower price. Let's take butter, for example. At the wholesale market in Krasnoyarsk in early March, and the mayor of Taishet saw it himself, oil cost 16 thousand per kilogram. Therefore, in Taishet its price did not rise above 21 thousand in those days. A fresh, environmentally friendly product is not a competitor to an imported substitute or more expensive Irkutsk counterpart.

And it is cheaper to bring grain from Altai, from the Omsk region, than to take it from your villagers. There is no escape from market laws.

Taishet, they say, is a city of grain. Only different concepts are put into these words. For some it is abundance. For others, bread is one of the few products they can afford on their wallet.

Taishet integral

Life is pure higher mathematics. In it, as in an exact science, integration calculates the sum of infinitesimal terms - gains and losses, mistakes and successes, reflections on the past, present and future.

I cannot keep silent about one more everyday detail in Taishet reality - about the discussion on the topic: to live together or apart in the city and region. This discussion has been going on for a long time, this time it was refreshed by conversations about the upcoming administrative and territorial reorganization of the Irkutsk region.

The mayors are categorically against it, as are the local deputy Dumas, that two beggars cannot make a rich man, that the economic interests of the city and the region are in no way intertwined, that the size of the territory and the distance of the villages from the center must be taken into account.

Referendums have not been held here, so it is difficult to judge the opinion of the people. He is now preparing for the elections of not only the president of the country, but also local deputies. They say both mayors are planning to run for the regional Legislative Assembly. And even in one constituency. Another topic for conversation. One more term in the Taishet integral.

Join us:

In the spotlight history Our district
Nastya 07/06/2020 at 09:34 we need to re-read old articles for comparison as often as possible...

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Lyusya 07/06/2020 at 10:23 Well, then the factories at least somehow worked, but now they don’t.

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Vovan 07/10/2020 at 01:18 Did you work? Are you laughing?! In the 90s they were taken apart piece by piece and just by the 2000s all that was left of the factories were horns and legs. If this is called “working”...

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Granny 07.07.2020 at 13:57 This article is a reminder, it should have been published before voting on amendments to the Consultation. For our all-lovers who ask the question: “What did Putin do?” In 1999, the situation in the area was much WORSE than described in the article. There was no longer barter, and the equipment was sold for scrap. Nobody paid attention to the asphalt and sidewalks, to fountains and squares... A good memory pill. Especially for those who are now 30-40. Those who poorly remember the BEGINNING of our modern state.

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Zerg 07/07/2020 at 16:19 Over 20 years of rule, some crummy fountain for five rubles is, of course, an achievement worthy of a book of records, while billions of dollars are flying abroad. Now, if you show what Kiselev, Solovyov, Sechin, Rottenberg and other “elites” owned, for example, 30 years ago, and what they own now, this will be the real result of these 20 years of “getting up from their knees.” Granny, you also forgot to say that under Yeltsin there was a Pentium 1, and under Putin there was an Intel core.

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Dymon 07/07/2020 at 21:55 It’s also worth remembering that in the 2000s, a diamond shower of petrodollars rained down on the country, oil at $150! How did you take advantage of this luck? Packed into friends' pockets. Have you diversified the economy? They've been talking about this for 20 years in a row. How many new high-tech industries have been opened in the Irkutsk region? How much, answer? List on your fingers. Well? And I’ll tell you how many of the large ones were closed in the 2000s: Usolyekhimprom - collapsed in 2017; Usolye-Siberian Chemical and Pharmaceutical Plant is on its last legs; several coal mines in Tulun.

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Lelya 07/08/2020 at 12:14 Why do you remember Dymon so selectively? You will remember how many debts Russia paid for the WHOLE USSR. There were factories, they only worked at a loss and the communists borrowed money so that the people would not die of hunger, in the literal sense of the word .In 17, the last debt was paid off, while factories were being built and equipment was being updated. Our machine tool builders took leading positions in the world market.

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A-r 04/01/2021 at 08:38 Lelya Where do you live? Apparently on another planet.

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Lisa 04/01/2021 at 09:36 “No one paid attention to the asphalt and sidewalks, fountains and squares...” I like it! It’s okay that we still drive on the same asphalt and walk on the same “sidewalks”! Don’t you think that in 25 years they have “not deteriorated much”, that’s why we pay attention to them.

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S.V.S. 04/01/2021 at 08:25 For some reason, in the neighboring country, progress is happening at a very fast pace... But we all have resources, technology, big and smart heads..... only progress and living standards are lagging behind... it seems to me that some the conductor needs it that way and he does everything as he or they need it... and in the ending everything will be as predicted, the neighbors will expand, and we will shrink...

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Ksyusha 04/01/2021 at 08:36 In five years, our entire city will probably have a gravel surface, and in the neighboring country, traffic in cities is like in the movie “The Fifth Element.” This is where we are heading, comrades. Element*

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Geography

Taishet is located in the right-bank valley of the Biryusa River, between its small right tributaries - Taishetka and Akulshetka. Surrounded by forests. In the surrounding area there are plots of land developed for agricultural activities. There are wetlands in the floodplains of nearby rivers. To the south of Taishet, the hilly hills of the spurs of the Sayan mountain range begin. The city itself is located within the Taishet foothill plain at an altitude of 302 m above sea level.

Topographic map of square N-47-A (Alzamay, Taishet, Biryusa River)

Transport accessibility

The city is located in the western part of the region, 680 km from the regional center - Irkutsk. In Tayshet there is a railway junction and a large out-of-class marshalling station, where highways of four directions converge. The Trans-Siberian Railway runs from west to east, the Baikal-Amur Mainline begins from Taishet (the first kilometer of the Baikal-Amur Mainline is in Taishet), and a railway line departs in a southern direction connecting the city with the capital of Khakassia, Abakan, and with Kuzbass. The federal highway P255 “Siberia” passes in close proximity to the city. Taishet is the starting point for the construction of the Eastern Siberia-Pacific Ocean (ESPO) oil pipeline.

From the published one. Is Taishet a city or a settlement? Point in the age-old dispute

“Taishet is not a city, but a settlement,” such statements can often be heard from quite respectable people who are quite confident in navigating their living space. “The status of a city was taken away from us a long time ago!” nameless Internet writers echo them and insist that we have no moral right to celebrate City Day, because the city of Taishet supposedly does not exist in nature.

And the same Wikipedia, which many mistakenly consider to be an authoritative source, insists that Taishet has had the status of an urban village since 2015.

“Biryusinskaya Nov” decided to sort out all these disputes and intricacies, to find out who is right and who is not quite right, whether we live in the city or in the village... The truth turned out to be very close.

So, statements like “not a city, but a settlement” are essentially as incorrect as statements that it is not winter, but evening. The terms “city” and “settlement”, which Taishet-haters confidently use, are not included in the same synonymous series, and therefore cannot be compared in any way.

But how, when and why did we become confused? The answer is obvious: this happened in 2005, when the whole country began to live under the new federal law on local self-government.

THREE-HEADED TAISHET

Let's figure it out. Until 2005, there were dozens of equivalent municipalities on the map of the Irkutsk region. Among them are “Tayshet City” and “Tayshet District”. These were independent administrative units; they were not part of each other and were not subordinate to each other. And they lived like good neighbors - exactly the same as the Taishet region now lives, for example, with Nizhneudinsky or Nizhneingashsky (even though the latter is part of another region).

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True, in the eyes of ordinary people, we - city dwellers and rural residents - were not neighbors, but literally one family.

Well, firstly, because the administration of the Taishet district was simply located on the territory of the city. This is indeed somewhat strange, and it would be much more logical for local authorities to be located on their own land (for example, in Old Akulshet), and not in a neighboring municipality.

Secondly, the closest social ties between the city and the village played an important role. We went to villages for fishing, to dachas, to visit relatives, and the villagers came to us to do their business. We always celebrated the country's main holiday together - Victory Day. Some joint interschool competitions were held... and so on. And the newspaper, in fact, was one, general, in which artificial divisions were also never carried out. Our mayors were faithful partners (they calmly found common ground on the vast majority of issues), and none of them tried to appear head and shoulders above the other.

And above all, a number of structures worked for two neighboring municipalities at the same time. For example, hospital, police, fire and tax services, pension fund and so on. In much the same way as today the Taishet Post Office, the military registration and enlistment office, the FSB and other departments work for the Taishet and Chun districts simultaneously.

The municipal formation “City of Taishet” included Taishet itself, as well as Biryusinsk and Yurty. The municipality had its own mayor. From post-Soviet times until 1998, this position was held by Anatoly Strelkov . He was replaced by Nikolai Shreiner , who ruled until December 31, 2005.

Biryusinsk and Yurty had their own mayors/heads of administrations (they were called differently in different years). They were appointed (and also dismissed) by the mayor of Taishet. At the same time, the mayor himself was elected by residents of all three settlements included in his composition.

The structure, although somewhat confusing (and perhaps illogical), is quite understandable.

At the same time, the municipal formation “Taishetsky District” included several dozen rural settlements. All their residents elected the mayor of the district, and he appointed (and, in his spare time, dismissed) the heads of local administrations.

In 2005, local government reform began. Let us briefly recall how this happened for us. Overall and overall the procedure was painless. At least for the population. But officials had reason to worry.

And that's why.

In 2002, residents of the city of Taishet (including Biryusa and Yurta residents) elected Nikolai Shreiner as mayor for a second term. His powers were supposed to expire in 2006.

In 2004, residents of the Taishet district elected Anatoly Zelezinsky , whose term of office ended in 2008.

The reform confused all the cards, since it pinched off considerable deadlines for both Schreiner and Zelezinsky - already on December 31, 2005, both had to leave their chairs. And we had to start living according to the new law with new management.

BIG DISTRICT AND SMALL TOWN

Along with this, the management structure also changed. Both municipalities – “Tayshet City” and “Tayshet District” – ceased to exist in their usual form from that same day. In their place, one large Taishet district appeared, which, in addition to traditional rural settlements, included those that had previously been part of the city of Taishet. That is, Taishet itself, and with it, Biryusinsk and Yurty. But not the holy trinity, but separately.

We all faced a difficult task: to elect a new mayor who united under himself everyone and everything in the Taishet district, as well as the heads of administrations of lower municipalities - Taishet, Biryusinsk, Yurt, Stary Akulshet, Tamtachet, Berezovka and all the rest. And several hundred deputies - members of the District Duma and each municipality separately.

And here every thinking person should have a question: how did it happen that the city of Taishet, large by local standards, was equalized and placed on the same level as Shitkino, Borisovo and other much smaller areas of the region? Couldn't it have been done differently?

Can. There was an alternative possibility of staffing the new municipalities. For example, the law fully provided for the possibility of creating, on the basis of the two municipalities that existed at that time, of equal importance, two others – also of equal importance. For example, the Taishet district could easily be preserved in its original form and combine traditional rural settlements.

According to the new law on local self-government, there was also the possibility of creating a full-fledged urban district, which could include either Taishet alone, or Taishet and several other settlements (the same Yurty and Biryusinsk). But one circumstance prevented the implementation of just such a mechanism - the absence of a common border between Taishet and Yurt (its presence was a mandatory requirement of the law that came into force).

The city authorities made an attempt to resolve this issue and keep everything in the same format. Therefore, they turned to the district administration with a request to give the city a strip of land that belonged to the district, which precisely separated Yurty from Taishet and created border fragmentation. But it was not possible to reach an agreement.

Therefore, it was not possible to implement the “Taishet + Biryusinsk + Yurts” scheme.

The “Taishet + Biryusinsk” option also somehow disappeared on its own.

— In such circumstances, it seemed logical to us to create a full-fledged urban district - with or without Biryusinsk, and in those conditions this could be done without the slightest problem. All you had to do was express your desire to the regional authorities. But under some pressure from above, they decided to form a single district: they say, let there be two in one, recalls the then deputy mayor of Taishet for economics, Alexey Greshilov .

Such a decisive step was also due to purely political motives. The mayor of Taishet, Shreiner, willingly gave the city to the district and agreed to its inclusion in the new municipality for the reason that he had hopes of winning the pre-reform elections and leading the entire district.

These elections took place in October 2005. As a result of a fierce struggle, Anatoly Zelezinsky won a landslide victory, who, of course, believed that the region in any form should be led by him and no one else.

NOTORIOUS POWERS AND ANOTHER VINAIGRETTE

Who and why came up with a new mechanism of local self-government? The main task of the reform is to bring power as close as possible to the people; make sure that the servants of the people are within walking distance of the voters. This goal can be considered achieved. Well, at least because even the smallest village has seven to ten deputies. And the popularly elected head of the administration is also always somewhere nearby.

Another thing is that the practical benefits from the proliferating officials are much less than expected. And not at all because the “servants of the people” are by nature stupid and inactive, but because of the traditional lack of money. One cannot expect any special effect from a government that does not have a ruble to its name. But this is a topic for a completely separate conversation.

Generated a new law and serious confusion. An ordinary citizen, who has little understanding of the intricacies of power and cannot understand in any way how, for example, the police differs from the prosecutor’s office, will never figure out which of the many officials to go to with what questions.

From the point of view of common sense, a resident of Taishet, who still cannot enroll his child in kindergarten, should address this problem to the city administration. But there they tell him:

“This is not our authority! Go to the district administration!”

The person is perplexed: why do we need a city administration if it cannot solve a trivial issue?

Or another example. At a meeting with the mayor of the district, residents, for example, Vengerki, complain about the terrible roads in the village. He retorts:

“Not my authority! Ask questions to your head of administration!”

People are again in quiet shock: what kind of mayor is this if he cannot even decide the issue of filling up a hole in the village?

The word “powers,” which still generates in human minds a sincere misunderstanding of the purpose of power, has long become almost a dirty word. And many people believe that officials invented the notorious “powers” ​​themselves and purely in order to do nothing.

This mess has been living in people’s heads for 15 years, only multiplying the opinion about the uselessness of power! Otherwise, for ordinary people, the reform did not change absolutely anything.

WHAT IS AN URBAN SETTLEMENT

But in the particular Taishet case, it gave rise to ongoing discussions about our status.

Therefore, let’s return to the topic that there is a “city of Taishet”, which is an urban settlement.

— A city is a geographical concept. And from this point of view, Taishet is precisely a city,” insists Alexey Greshilov . – We received city status in 1938, and no one took it away from us! No such decisions were made and the decree of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR 82 years ago was not canceled!

The federal law “On the General Principles of the Organization of Local Self-Government” nevertheless intervened and caused its own confusion, the interlocutor claims.

— This law defines a slightly different status - the status of a municipal entity. The phrase “urban settlement” is a purely legal term that defines the management model of a specific territory. It exists not for ordinary people, but mainly for officials. There is an overlap with the geographical term, but they are from completely different areas. And to say that Taishet is not a city, but an urban settlement, is as strange as saying, for example, that the street is not long, but beautiful. To say “I live in an urban settlement” is to some extent equivalent to the statement “I live in a subject of the Russian Federation,” continues Greshilov .

The same idea is emphasized by Aleksey Petrov :

— Taishet is a city in terms of the type of settlement. That is, as an administrative-territorial unit, it is a city. But if we talk about its municipal legal status, then this is an urban settlement. The status of Taishet as a municipal entity with the status of an urban settlement means that this municipal entity is part of another municipal entity. In our case, Taishet district.

THE MAYOR IS JUST THE MAYOR

There is another, no less serious, common misconception. The general public believes that the mayor of the Taishet district has the functions of almost the initial link of everything. Of course, this is far from true. And not only do dogs rush through our streets in packs without obtaining the mayor’s permission, but many other processes take place without his slightest participation. The statement that he is by nature the most important here, because “he is the mayor of the entire Taishet district,” according to the law, is fundamentally wrong.

For example, this does not correspond to reality in terms of the opinion that the heads of municipal administrations are subordinate to the mayor by default and cannot take a step without him.

They don't obey! And they have the right to do whatever they want - naturally, within the framework of their powers, the strict budget code and the current legislation in general.

“Wikipedia says that since 2015 the city of Taishet has been an urban-type settlement,” Alexey Greshilov is perplexed . - This is absolute nonsense. And what this has to do with 2015 is completely unclear. The same article states that since 2005, Taishet became an urban settlement and was transferred under the jurisdiction of the district. No one came under any jurisdiction! We are an independent municipal entity. There is a first level of government (urban and rural settlements), and a second (district). Everyone has their own powers, and there is no question of any subordination. Taishet is a completely independent unit, and the head of the city is in no way a subordinate of the district mayor, as would have happened under Soviet rule. And the district mayor has no right to give direct instructions. The city in its daily life is based on the budget, and we have our own budget and we form it according to the assigned sources of income. And neither the mayor, nor the governor, nor the president can intervene and say: “You do this or that, but don’t do that!”

Alexey Petrov says about the same thing, but in different words:

— The fact that a city is part of a district does not mean subordination in any form. Neither municipalities are subordinate to each other, much less their leaders. And this applies to all municipalities that make up the district. They are independent. In this case, we are not talking about subordination for the simple reason that the municipal district has its own competence, its own issues of local importance; They are mainly of an inter-settlement nature, they are more expensive, more complex in terms of ways to solve them and affect a larger area. The Taishet urban settlement, as an independent municipal entity, has other issues of local importance and other competence. And for this reason there can be no subordination: their competencies do not match. Another thing is that a municipal district, in principle, should coordinate the activities of the settlements that are part of it.

The candidate of legal sciences believes that an important point that needs to be mentioned is that the legislation does not provide for mechanisms for the responsibility of local government bodies of settlements to the districts. There is responsibility to the population, but it does not exist within the “district-settlement” system.

“What I mean here is legal liability, the ability to apply some kind of sanctions for violation of the law, for failure to fulfill powers,” explains Petrov . — Responsibility to the state is known. There is such a rule: the highest official of a subject of the Federation (governor) may, due to loss of confidence, remove the head of a municipal formation (rural, city, district) from office on certain grounds. There is a procedure for dissolving the representative body (local duma) of a municipality on the basis of regional law. But this is a responsibility to the state; it is borne equally by all municipalities - district, rural, city.

SO WHY SHOULD TAYSHET BECOME A CITY DISTRICT?

In 2022, the administration of the Taishet urban settlement initiated the creation of a full-fledged urban district based on Taishet, Old Akulshet and Berezovka. In their letter to the regional governor, our officials noted that in its current form, the municipality is squeezed within its borders with no prospects for development. That is, we objectively do not have land not only for the construction of schools and kindergartens, but even for the construction of a full-fledged solid waste landfill.

Attention was also focused on the fact that there are seven kindergartens and six schools located in the city, but they are subordinate to the district administration. The authors of the document also paid attention to the fact that residents of Old Akulshet and Berezovka fully use the city’s infrastructure: they attend schools and kindergartens, work at enterprises located in the city, and even partially use heat, water and electricity from resource supply organizations located in the city.

City officials are especially emphasizing a very unfair aspect: the industrial site of the Taishet aluminum smelter and anode factory is located on the territory of the neighboring Staroakulshet municipality. It is part of the district and at the same time receives tax deductions provided for by law into its budget.

However, the vast majority of people employed in this production live in Taishet. Consequently, they make full use of the city’s infrastructure and thereby create an additional burden on the budget. From this point of view, it would be much more logical to “move” aluminum workers to the city, which can only be realized by annexing Old Akulshet to Taishet.

Other advantages of the proposed transformation were also listed.

In this situation, the city will have the opportunity to develop territorially; work directly with higher authorities, bypassing the intermediate link (district administration); there will be an opportunity to comprehensively engage in the development of educational and cultural institutions; The city's revenue base will increase. And most importantly, the status of Taishet as a large city will correspond to similar cities in the region - Tulun, Cheremkhovo, Zima, Sayansk, Usol-Sibirsky and others.

This initiative did not find much enthusiasm among the regional authorities. However, I didn’t encounter any rejection either.

In their response, regional officials, citing legislation, stated that in order to resolve the issue of creating an urban district, a whole package of documents is needed. In particular, a number of decisions on this matter by those municipal councils whose interests are directly affected by the initiative.

In general, the regional governor’s office expressed its readiness to provide local authorities with the necessary advisory assistance.

But even here I found a scythe on a stone. First the sovereign Berezovka, and then the independent Stary Akulshet, categorically refused to join the city.

Therefore, apparently, we will not be able to return to the topic of creating a full-fledged urban district as soon as we would like.

But whether we like it or not, the issue is really ripe.

Andrey LAKHOVSKY, Biryusinskaya Nov

Join us:

powerOur district
Valentina 07/13/2020 at 11:12 excellent article, especially for those who believe everything that is written on the Internet.

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Pecheneg 07/13/2020 at 12:59 Where did you read this article? Not on the Internet?

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Dymon 07/13/2020 at 12:05 1) Wikipedia has long been corrected about the “urban-type settlement”, several months ago. Now it's a city again. And it is right. 2) everything is written correctly in the article. An urban settlement and an urban-type settlement are not identical concepts: warm and soft. 3) The fact that Taishet is not a district is sad, since our authorities cannot agree with themselves, and therefore there is no support from the region.

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I live nearby 07/13/2020 at 12:07 Educational and interesting!!! Let the independent and confident people sit in their villages and work there and not interfere with us!!!!

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AKM 07/13/2020 at 13:16 And you sit in your city of Taishet and don’t meddle in the villages. Neither to the river, nor to the dachas. And don't drink our milk. And don’t breathe in our forests. But we do not lay claim to the city of Taishet. We'll get by. You don't make furniture. Construction and finishing materials too. And don’t produce anything at all in your city of Taishet. We bring our salaries to you. To your stores. It's the only thing you have there. That's how we'll get by. Krasnoyarsk and other cities already provide for us. So don't be nervous. Come visit us in streams from spring to winter. All our roads were destroyed and the banks were polluted. We'll just be upset without you, city people. You can build the Great Wall of Berlin or the Great Wall of China. And the Great Taishet. They've gone completely crazy with their unique Taishet mentality.

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Hillbilly 07/13/2020 at 15:02 correct, and there is even more dirt in the city than in the villages. In the spring you can’t get through the transport, even if you come in boots. And how the Taishet merchants bend prices, that it’s cheaper to order online, I’m generally silent.

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Pecheneg 07/13/2020 at 13:03 Funny. Everyone, deep down in their souls, understands that Taishet is a big village, but in order to please their feelings, it is imperative that this hole has the status of a city. It’s also funny to watch our “city dwellers” who find themselves in a real city, how they behave, how they look compared to the native city dwellers. Have you seen the movie “Stove Shops”? Look. This is what our pseudo “townspeople” look like

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Dymon 07/13/2020 at 17:38 This has to do with individual people who do not know how to behave and the size of the city has nothing to do with it. And the concept of “village” is flexible, depending on what you compare it to. Biryusininsk is a village compared to Taishet, Taishet compared to Bratsk, Bratsk compared to Krasnoyarsk. When you come from Moscow to Krasnoyarsk, you also think: where are the people, and does anyone actually live here? Village-village.

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AKM 07/13/2020 at 13:20 Taishet is a small town from a geographical point of view. Any definition from the same Internet will say that small towns are settlements with a population of 10,000 or more people. Well, what makes it easier for someone? Has something changed in the quality of life? Self-esteem was stroked. Pride was pampered.

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Nadezhda 07/13/2020 at 1:35 pm It’s hard to disagree with Pecheneg, given the terrible behavior of our Taishet people and the philistine attitude towards everything that happens, and judging by the comments, these people should live far from civilization, they don’t deserve anything else

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Resident 07/13/2020 at 14:09 The merger is beneficial only to the city authorities, whose staff will increase, and is unprofitable to the village administrations, which will reduce them. Connection is not profitable for rural residents, if only because of the cost of electricity and other benefits for rural areas. And the road network in the villages will fall into disrepair, because the city authorities will have no time for it. There are no advantages of unification for the ordinary citizen. Only an increase in the status of the territory and some savings from the reduction of village administrations. At best, the city will have a couple of fountains or sidewalks. Maybe it’s time for our administrations to learn how to earn money and attract investments, and not live only on taxes coming into the budget.

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Exe 07/13/2020 at 16:32 Well, why not. If “Field of Miracles” is sent to the Akulshetsky kindergarten and school, and you look at other kindergartens and schools by registration, then you can build additional ones. social objects appointments and save. When these people come to strongly “independent” heads with the question of where to place the children, then there will be a different conversation.

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AKM 07/13/2020 at 17:13 We found something to save on. Shame! Don’t open your mouth to someone else’s inch!

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AKM 07/14/2020 at 17:08 What's what? All educational institutions of the city and district belong to one owner - the district administration. Take it and go anywhere. One kindergarten and a school remain private. They are owned by Russian Railways

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Resident of the Taishet urban settlement 07/13/2020 at 17:03 But for example, we live in the city and take our child to kindergarten in Berezovka, and you know, half of the kindergarten there is like that. Before talking about unification, look at their streets, almost all the streets of Old Akulshet and Berezovka are lit, they are cleaned in winter with enviable (for a city) regularity. In Berezovka, water flows in houses for free, while in the city people even pay for using a water pump. It would be strange if residents wanted to join the city.

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Resident 07/13/2020 at 18:08 Pressure through children in the best traditions of Goebbels!

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Semen 07/13/2020 at 20:49 Zaika’s desire is understandable, to get money from the oil industry and anode and sell all rural land for individual housing construction and shops. Why is there no talk of annexing Timiryazevo? Also a neighboring municipality. What will the villagers get? Dead roads? They will lose rural allowances and tariffs, for what? Does a stutterer go outside his office to see how his population lives in the old city and at the mess in the courtyards of neighborhoods? There are many questions, but there is only one answer: no one will voluntarily join the city of Taishet, not with this leader at least. Maybe, instead of flattering yourself with empty hopes and appeals to the governor, you should take part in regional programs for repairing roads and many others, and not just share “people's initiatives” and squander the means of a “comfortable urban environment”!?

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Lisa 07/14/2020 at 09:34 Or maybe we should lose rural benefits for the sake of the development of the territory and the future of our children, or will we continue to wait for benefits and benefits from the state? You are indignant that Zaika only needs income from the oil industry and anode, but you see a lot of money from them, so if you are so rich, why are you so afraid of losing these rural benefits? Yes, Taishet needs land so that it can attract investment, so that there is a greater chance of participating in various federal development programs. I understand that no one has extra money and every ruble counts, but if we don’t think about the future and live one day at a time, then this will not lead to anything good

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Resident of the Taishet urban settlement 07/14/2020 at 11:20 You propose that teachers, educators, and nannies begin to receive a voluntary salary less and pay more for electricity. Do they need it? What will their territory receive in return? Yes, they will be forgotten the very next day after the unification.. If there was order in the city in the private sector, maybe the villages would want to join. And so, for now they have more order.

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AKM 07.14.2020 at 17:14 What noble speeches! Take away from the villagers, add to the townspeople. Bravo! What volunteer group are you in? Maybe the townspeople would better chip in and at least restore order in their own yards? The villagers do this at their own expense. And not only in our yards, but on the hectares adjacent to our homes, we remove garbage and bottles that have flown from your cars. And for you, the townspeople, we will clean up your garbage from the shores with our own efforts.

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Lelya 07/14/2020 at 02:10 I want to ask how many residents of Taishet move to Berezovka, which has an oil industry and free water, to Akulshet with its anode, or to the same Biryusinsk with its Kovpinets and cinema? And the issue with kindergartens really needs to be regulated, since “Field of Miracles” is a village, that means the kindergarten should be rural. Akulshet is selling land for individual housing construction, why isn’t he thinking about a place for a kindergarten?

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Resident 07/26/2021 at 09:10 Yes, many people are moving, have you been to Berezovka? Did you see the alley there? better than any park in the city) with such prices for housing and land, it is better to buy in these nearby villages, but although greed has reached there, since demand gives rise to supply and rising prices.

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Fighter for justice 07/14/2020 at 08:46 Semen, of course I apologize, but you are talking such nonsense, if there is a city district, then there will be elections, then the flag will be in your hands, choose your vaunted monk or someone else, but from stutterers, you shouldn’t brush it off like that, he did so much for the city, all the previous ones are far from him, everything has just been forgotten or you are young and don’t know anything, but we suffered through without water, without light, we didn’t pay attention to other problems, but now we’re soft saying “you’re fed up”, and if money were allocated for the city and there would be roads, it’s always easy to talk about how easy it is to break and destroy everything, but a stutterer, proposing to create a city district, is thinking about people, and not about himself, like you you say, because he is personally at risk, because the monks and the pest are stepping on his heels

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Semen 07.14.2020 at 13:04 Fighter for justice, if the head thought about people, then in place of vacant lots and abandoned houses, not just regular shops would appear, but social facilities, playgrounds and other landscaping elements. You give an example of the lack of water and light, but in the 90s and early 2000s there was such a situation in all cities. But for some reason, many cities got out of this mess, but Taishet is still stuck in the 90s, only acquired a few fountains.

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City dweller 07.14.2020 at 13:53 what kind of vacant lots are you talking about, there is no land in the city for a long time, and the shops are being built by the owners of these vacant lots, and to ask what they are not going to build for anyone, we have playgrounds in every yard, in every school and children garden and it was the city administration that installed them, although school and preschool education are the powers of the district, and from them nothing but devastation and collapse, I completely agree with the fighter for justice, but more fountains are needed, they also promised to install them on our side, we will be glad

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AKM 07/14/2020 at 17:10 Yes, yes. There is no land, but there are plenty of vacant lots with weeds and garbage flying in the wind.

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AKM 07/14/2020 at 17:27 Before you put the world in order, put your own house in order. And don’t meddle with your charter in someone else’s monastery. First, find out how much the city administration has raised funds from other levels? How many times have the mayor and his team visited the government for this purpose? And what did they ask for? All social facilities belong to the district. The city has only retail outlets. Well, why is a city administration needed in principle? First you need to merge and abolish the redundant mayoral corps. Now they will elect deputies to the district duma. Including the districts of the CITY OF TAISHETA. Does anyone even understand why deputies from the city are in the city duma and in the district duma? What powers and issues does the Duma Duma have? Double budget or what? What legislative issues are resolved by the Duma Duma? And what is all this all about?

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Discussions Cancel

Population

Since the founding of Taishet, the number of its inhabitants has constantly grown. It began to decline only in the crisis of the 1990s due to a decrease in the birth rate and an increase in mortality, as well as an increased migration outflow. The negative demographic trend continues to this day.

Population dynamics

Social sphere

Education

As of 2022, there are three healthcare institutions operating in Taishet - the Taishet District Hospital, the Taishet Dermatovenerologic Dispensary and the Departmental Clinic (a department of JSC Russian Railways).

The municipal education system is represented by 6 institutions of secondary general education - schools No. 1, 2, 5, 14, 23, 85 and 7 preschool educational institutions - kindergartens No. 3, 5, 15, "Romashka", "Skazka", "Belochka", "Pock". Educational activities are carried out by the state educational institution "Special (correctional) boarding school No. 19 of Taishet", the private educational institution "Boarding School No. 24 of JSC Russian Railways", the private preschool educational institution "Kindergarten No. 206 of JSC Russian Railways", and also two vocational education institutions - Taishet Industrial and Technological College and Taishet Medical College.

Culture

Cultural institutions: Taishet children's music school, Taishet children's art school, Yubileiny cultural center, Zheleznodorozhnik cultural center of Russian Railways, local history museum and library association.

“Taishet Literary”, literary association

Museum of the locomotive depot of Tayshet station

Sport

There is a children's and youth sports school in Taishet. The sports school has four departments: table tennis, boxing, cross-country skiing and general physical training. In 2022, a cultural and sports center was created in the city, in which a physical education and health complex operates. It operates in four sports areas: rhythmic gymnastics, judo, volleyball and football. In the evenings, training sessions for the city's national volleyball and football teams, as well as fitness classes, take place. The sports complex has become a base for sports training for law enforcement officers.

The city has one stadium with a basketball court, two beach volleyball courts, running tracks, a children's playground and a football field with natural grass. There is an outdoor hockey rink in the city center. In the summer, the court is equipped with two basketball courts; in the winter, there is a skating rink for public skating. In winter, there is a ski base in the city, which is the venue for training of the cross-country skiing department of the Youth Sports School. At the ski base, work is also carried out to prepare ski slopes for public skiing and ski rental is available2.

Map

Taishet: photo from space (Google Maps) Taishet: photo from space (Microsoft Virtual Earth)

a brief description of

Located in the southwestern part of the Biryusinsky plateau, on the river. Biryusa. Railway junction lines and highways.

Territory (sq. km): 49

Information about the city of Taishet on the Russian Wikipedia site

Historical sketch

It emerged in 1897 as a small village of Taishet; name by location on the river Taishet (right tributary of the Biryusa). Hydronym from Ket ta “cold”, shet “river”.

The convenient location on the railway, near a large river, determined the role of Taishet as an administrative and commercial center. City since 1938

Economy

JSC Biryusinskaya LPB (lumber, etc.), JSC Yurtinskles (sleepers, furniture). Auto repair and hydrolysis plants. Food processing plant, butter factory, meat processing plant, bakery, garment factory, etc.

In the Taishet region, wheat, oats, barley, buckwheat, and peas are grown. They raise cattle, goats, sheep, pigs, and horses.

Deposits of brown coal, tantalum ores, etc.

Culture, science, education

In the village of Shitkino there is the House-Museum of Heroes of the Soviet Union Zoya and Alexander Kosmodemyansky (lived here in the 1929-30s).

Architecture, sights

The city is located on both sides of the railway. highways. In the southern part of the city there are streets with wooden houses, in the northern and northeastern part there is an area of ​​new buildings with modern standard houses. The main industrial enterprises are also located here.

Natives and residents

1. Ivan Bich is a hero of the Civil War, commander of a partisan detachment of the Shitka Front. Died in October 1919. Buried in the city park. There is a street in the city named after him.
2. Burlov Nikolai Ananyevich - hero of the Civil War, native of the village of Biryusa. The city also has a street named after him. You can read about his grave in the article “Mass grave of Red Army soldiers in Irkutsk (Monument to the fighters of the revolution)”
3. Zherebtsov Geliy Aleksandrovich - physicist, academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1997), director of ISTP SB RAS (Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics), honorary citizen of Irkutsk (2004).
4. Teodorovich Ivan Adolfovich - Russian revolutionary, Soviet statesman, historian of the revolutionary movement.
5. Myasnikov Ivan Stepanovich - Hero of the Soviet Union.
6. Pakhotishchev Nikolai Dmitrievich - Hero of the Soviet Union.