The terrible curse of Sasovo

Brief historical background

As a settlement, the village of Sasovo was formed in the middle of the 16th century.
The first information about him is contained in the scribe book for the Shatsky district for 1626. The word "Sasovo", according to some scientists, comes from the Tatar "saz" (pronounced "sas"), meaning "swamp", "swampy place". There is another, less convincing version, associated with the legend of a peasant leader named Sasa, who, hiding in swampy places, carried out daring raids on the estates of the boyars.

Since 1778, with the formation of the Ryazan governorship, consisting of three provinces, p. Sasovo was part of the Elatom district of the Tambov province.

From time immemorial, the main occupation of the Sasovites was rope spinning. Rope and rope-resin factories operated. Shipping and trade were also developed. In the 19th century, one of the owners of Sasovo, this already large trading village, was the mother of the great Russian writer I.S. Turgeneva - Varvara Petrovna.

In 1893, passenger and goods traffic opened on the Ryazan-Sasovo section of the Moscow-Kazan Railway. This led to significant economic changes. The population of the village of Sasovo grew rapidly. In 1894, it already had 6,500 inhabitants.

Railway workers from the Sasovo station and local peasants actively participated in the revolutionary events of 1905. A strike committee was created, which clandestinely printed leaflets calling on railway workers and peasants to fight to overthrow the tsarist autocracy.

In December 1917, Soviet power was established in the village of Sasovo. In 1919, M.I. spoke to the railway workers of the Sasovo depot. Kalinin. His arrival was of great importance for strengthening the Soviets and improving the work of the Soviet apparatus. In memory of the stay of M.I. Kalinin in Sasovo, a memorial plaque was installed on the building of the Locomotive Depot.

In 1925, by decision of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, Sasovo district was formed. On June 19, 1926, the village of Sasovo was transformed into a city, and on October 13, after elections, the city Council of Workers' Deputies began work. Its first chairman was I.N. Kochetkov. About 10 thousand people lived in the city at that time. There was a rope factory, a printing house, a large slaughterhouse, a sewing artel, and a MTS.

There were educational and leisure institutions: three schools, two kindergartens, two libraries, and a railway workers' club.

During the Great Patriotic War, trains with troops, tanks, guns and ammunition traveled along the railway in a continuous stream. The efficient work of the teams at the Sasovo railway station and other departments was noted.

More than 5 thousand Sasovites were awarded military orders and medals, 18 Sasovites were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. One is a full holder of the Order of Glory. In honor of the Sasovites who died on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War, a memorial complex was opened where the Eternal Flame of Memory burns. On the central street of the city there is a bronze bust of the Hero of the Soviet Union A.S. Mishin.

After the war, new neighborhoods and streets grew in the city. One of the brightest events in the life of the city was the construction of a large automatic line plant, which gave the city a second life. Machine tool products are in demand not only in the domestic market, but also in a number of foreign countries. The Sasovkormash mechanical engineering plant for livestock breeding and feed production is also a large enterprise. In 1962, a commercial equipment plant for the production of commercial equipment for bookstores and general stores - JSC POKO "Sasovotekhmash" - came into operation. In 2004, a plant for the production of alcoholic, non-alcoholic and natural fermented products under the Pershin brand - Eugene Bougele Wine began its production activities, at whose production facilities a new enterprise, Kvasko Bottlers LLC, was created in 2010.

Travel company Sasovo-Tour – Attractions

City of Sasovo

Geographical position:

The city of Sasovo and the Sasovo district are located in the southeast of the Ryazan region, 176 km from the regional center. The Sasovsky district borders on the Pitelinsky, Shatsky, Chuchkovsky, Kadomsky districts and the Republic of Mordovia.

Water resources are determined by the rivers Tsna, Moksha, as well as their tributaries: the rivers Pet, Urzeva, Aleshnya, Leya.

Historical reference

People settled on the site of the modern Sasovo region long before our era. These were tribes of the Finno-Ugric language group: Meshchera, Mordovians, Muroma, etc. The settlement by the Slavs began, as archaeologists believe, no earlier than the beginning of the 11th century and continued until the Mongol invasion. One of the first Slavic settlements, Temgenevskoye settlement. It is located in close proximity to the city of Sasovo.

The word "sasovo", according to scientists, comes from the Tatar "saz", meaning swamp or swampy place.

Sasovo was formed as a settlement in the middle of the 17th century. The first information about the village of Sasovo is contained in the scribe book for the Shatsky district for 1612.

In the 19th century, one of the owners of the then large village of Sasovo was the mother of the great writer I.S. Turgeneva - Varvara Petrovna.

Tourist resources

Cultural and educational tourism:

— Sasovo Museum of Local Lore

The Sasovo Museum of Local Lore, opened in 1990, is located in a building built in the second half of the 19th century in the style of “merchant” architecture.

The museum has a rich, extensive exhibition telling about the past and present of Sasovo land from ancient times to the present day. It has rare household items, folk art, decorative and applied arts, archeology, documents and photographs. The museum's collections contain about 100 paintings by Moscow, Ryazan and Sasovo painters.

— Museum of Russian Song named after. A.P. Averkina

The museum is located in Sasovo, in a former merchant mansion of the 19th century. It is a complex that combines memorial and musical directions and is the only one in Russia on this topic. The museum's exposition reveals not only the history of the origin and development of Russian song, but also demonstrates unique collections of sound-reproducing equipment of the 20th century and Russian folk musical instruments and musical instruments of the peoples of the world, among which there are rare items.

— House-Museum of A.P. Averkina

Composer A.P. Averkin, Honored Artist of Russia, author of more than 500 songs, the most popular of which are: “He’s going on leave...”, “Dear Mother,” “The birch tree gave me earrings.” A house museum was opened in the composer’s homeland, in the village of Shaftorka. The museum's exhibition consists of items belonging to the composer's family, his personal belongings, and photographs from the family archive.

— Museum of A.S. Novikov-Priboya

A.S. Novikov-Priboy - an outstanding writer-marinist, laureate of the State Prize, author of the historical epic "Tsushima" - was born in the village. Matveevskoye, where a memorial museum was opened in March 1997. The museum is located in the house in which Alexey Silych lived since 1877. to 1899

The museum's exhibition includes unique items from the family archive of A.S. Novikov-Priboy. On the basis of the museum, on the days of the writer’s anniversaries, literary readings are held annually, which are attended by the writer’s relatives, local historians, poets, and artists from different regions of Russia.

— Estate of Baron V.F. von der Launitz

18 kilometers from the city of Sasovo, in the village. Kargashino, the remains of the buildings of the family estate of Baron V.F. have been preserved. von der Launitz, a native of the village. Kargashino, a prominent statesman and Orthodox figure.

Most of the architectural ensemble, made in the Gothic style, was occupied by stables. Once upon a time it was a real medieval palace for horses. Kargashin trotters, once famous throughout Russia, were bred in the stables of the estate and were sold abroad.

Descendant of V.F. von der Launitz and the classic of Russian literature M.Yu. Lermontova, M.Yu. Lermontov, who heads the International Association “Lermontov Heritage”, has currently carried out work to improve the burial site of Baron V.F. von der Launitz and intends to participate in the restoration of the estate.

Event tourism:

All-Russian Folk Art Festival named after A.P. Averkina

Held in Sasovo, Ryazan region on the last Saturday and Sunday of June. The festival program includes: a gala concert with the participation of outstanding performers of folk lyrical and original songs, professional and amateur groups, a solemn presentation of the Averkin Prize, a visit to the Museum of Russian Song.

Pilgrimage tourism:

Koshibeevsky holy spring

The source is located a few kilometers from the village of Koshibeeva. The source is landscaped: equipped with a bathhouse and a chapel.

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Status

Municipal entity - the city of Sasovo is an independent municipal entity within the Ryazan region.

The city of Sasovo in its current form was formed in 1926 by the Decree of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of June 19, 1926 “List of cities of the Ryazan province.” On March 17, 2005, the city was given the status of an urban district by decision of the Sasovo City Duma No. 41 dated March 17, 2005.

The charter of the municipal formation - the urban district of the city of Sasovo was adopted by the decision of the City Duma of March 17, 2005. The new version of the Charter was adopted by the Sasovo City Duma by decision No. 122 of September 19, 2012, and registered with the Office of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation for the Ryazan Region on October 24, 2012. and published in “Information Bulletin” No. 14 dated November 2, 2012.

History of the coat of arms

The coat of arms of the city of Sasovo was approved at a meeting of the Sasovo City Duma by decision No. 41 dated December 25, 1997 and registered in the State Heraldry, registration number 328.

Description of the coat of arms: in a dissected silver and green shield on the right there is an azure (blue, light blue) wavy baldric, on the left there are two silver left narrow baldrics; in the heart of the shield there is a golden bundle of rope placed in the belt; in the scarlet (red) chapter there is a tower crown with three teeth, lined with silver and burdened on a hoop with three gold bezants (coins). In the golden free part with a rounded corner there is an old green princely hat with a black sable edge, above which there is a gold decoration (“town”) with a scarlet semi-precious stone.

From the history of the coat of arms of the city of Sasovo: The coats of arms of the city of Sasovo and the Sasovo region can be called siblings and almost twins, since they appeared almost simultaneously, are largely based on common symbols and have the same construction system. This principle was deliberately chosen from the very beginning of work on the coats of arms so that at the first glance at them their relationship would be evident and their connection with the Sasovo land would be remembered. After all, although each coat of arms symbolizes an independent subject of law (city and region), both of them designate a common territory that has a common history, nature and traditions.

Each coat of arms is a dissected (vertically divided in half) heraldic shield with a “head” - a special honorary heraldic figure occupying the upper third of the shield. As far as we can judge today, no other modern municipal coat of arms in Russia has this form of construction. Everything related to the general history of the city and region is depicted at the bottom of both armorial shields.

As is known, until 1923 these lands were part of the Elatomsky district of the Tambov province, then the district was annexed to the Ryazan province, and in 1925 an independent Sasovo district was formed within it, with its center in the village. Sasovo. Since ancient times, the main trade and transport route here has been the Tsna River. According to it, in time immemorial, these lands were settled by the Vyatichi Slavs.

A symbolic image of the river is placed on the right (left of the viewer) silver part of both coats of arms in the form of a lazarus (blue, light blue) wavy band (diagonal stripe). At the end of the 19th century, the Moscow-Kazan Railway passed through these lands, which became a new trade and transport artery. Thanks to her, the economic development of the entire region was revived, in the village. A large railway depot was created in Sasovo, which further served to transform it into an industrial city.

The steel mainline of symbolism is depicted in the left (to the viewer's right) green part of the coats of arms in the form of two narrow silver belts. An azure and two silver baldrics are connected at the base of the coat of arms in the shape of the Latin letter “V”, which is the original letter “viktori” (victory). The combination of symbolic images of water and steel transport routes at the base of the coats of arms can be interpreted as a sign of their fundamental significance and continuity in the development of the Sasovo region. And then the differences begin. In the old days, the village of Sasovo was famous for its rope and rope spinning production. Merchants from all over central Russia came to the annual fairs to buy the products of Sasovo craftsmen. Sasovo ropes and ropes also went outside the country. Sailing ships were equipped with them. At the end of the 18th century. this gave Catherine II the basis to equip the silver sail in the coat of arms of the county town of Elatma with gold “Sasovo” ropes, which thus appropriated part of the glory of Sasovo craftsmen.

In the modern coat of arms of the city of Sasovo, in the center of the shield there is an image of a bunch of golden rope in the shape of an infinity sign, intercepted in the middle by a golden rope, as a reminder of where the glory began and the industrial development of the city began. In the coat of arms of the Sasovo region, in the heart of the shield there is a golden sheaf of grain tied with the same gold rope with a forked top, placed in a pillar (vertically). In heraldry, a sheaf of grain traditionally symbolizes agriculture, grain production and the fertility of the land - what is the basis of the economy of the region. And its bifurcated top, looking as if to the past and future, suggests that agriculture was, is and will be the basis of the region’s well-being at all times.

The most significant differences concern the “heads” of the two coats of arms. The coat of arms of Sasovo has a scarlet (red) “head”, in which there is an image of a silver tower crown with three teeth. Such crowns have been used since the middle of the 19th century. coats of arms of district cities were decorated. The crown was placed above the shield, so s. Sasovo, after it acquired the status of a county town in 1926, could, according to Russian heraldic tradition, receive a coat of arms with a silver city crown. But in Soviet times this did not happen, and currently Sasovo is not a district town, but a municipal entity. Therefore, the crown is depicted directly in the coat of arms. Three gold coins (“bezants”) are placed around its hoop, indicating that from time immemorial there was a rich trade in Sasovo, thanks to which it grew and developed. And the scarlet (red) background reminds us that two years after Sasovo acquired the status of a city, in May 1928, almost half of the city’s territory was destroyed by a huge fire, and much had to be rebuilt. The reflection of this fire speaks of the grief and glory of the inhabitants who survived this misfortune and built a modern city.

The coat of arms of the municipal formation - Sasovo district has an azure (blue, light blue) “head”, in which there is an image of a silver flying heron. It takes us back to the very name of the region and the city, which, according to most researchers, goes back to the Turkic root “sas” (“soz”, “sasy”), which means “swamp, swampy place”. Close to this meaning in origin is the name of the main river of the region - Tsna, which goes back to the Finno-Ugric “tsina”, meaning “mud river”. In addition to Tsna, there are many other rivers, lakes and swamps in the area.

One of the most characteristic inhabitants of such places is the heron. In heraldry, it, along with the crane, symbolizes vigilance, caution and fearfulness and therefore can serve as an emblem of the untouchedness, pristineness of these places, their ecological purity and reserve. This allows the image of a bird to be interpreted as a symbol of love and affection for one’s native land. And the heron flying in the coat of arms of the Sasovo region over the golden loaves, the azure river and the silver highway seems to be looking at its region, its nature and history - past, present and future - from heavenly heights.

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[edit] A little about Sasov

Sasovo is a regional center in the east of the Ryazan region of Russia, located on the left bank of the Tsna River, the left tributary of the Moksha, which flows into the Oka, 175 km southeast of Ryazan.

About spelling. The name of a city is declined, but only when it is not preceded by the associated noun "city".

For example: “I was in Sasovo”, but “I was in the city of Sasovo”.

[edit] How to get to Sasov

[edit] by plane

[edit] by train

From Kazansky railway station in Moscow by train or electric train.

[edit] by bus

[edit] by car

From Moscow or Ryazan, take the M5 Ural Novoryazanskoye Highway. In the city of Shatsk, turn onto road P124.

[edit] on the ship

The river is not navigable.

[edit] City transport of Sasovo

[edit] Hotels in Sasovo

Address: Ryazan region, Sasovo, Vokzalnaya street, 95 Telephone: +7(49133)5-04-04 Description: Address: Ryazan region, Sasovo, Svobody Avenue, 19 Telephone: +7(49133)2-05-84 Description: The hotel has 35 rooms of various categories and a restaurant. Address: Ryazan region, Sasovo, Lenin street, 21 Telephone: +7(49133)5-10-40 Description: Address: Ryazan region, Sasovo, Lenin street, 31 Telephone: +7(49133)5-15-26 Description:

[edit] Sights of Sasov

Church of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God on the corner of Svobody Avenue and Kalinin Street, built in 1826.

Wooden chapel of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker, built in 2004-08.

Monument to the liquidators of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, opened in July 2011.

The monument to Ernest Hemingway, erected in the early 1960s by Cuban cadets of the Sasovo Flight School, is perhaps the only monument to the writer in Russia.

Lenin monument.

Victory Memorial with the Eternal Flame.

Bust of Hero of the Soviet Union A.S. Mishin.

The functioning wooden Orthodox Church of St. Michael the Archangel in the Southern microdistrict, built in 1997.

[edit] Museums in Sasovo

Address: Ryazan region, Sasovo, Lenina street, 19 Phone: +7(49133)5-10-16 Opening hours: Tickets: Description: The history of lyrical song and the life of composer-harmonica player Alexander Petrovich Averkin (1935-95), who, according to legend, he had an intimate relationship with singer Lyudmila Zykina (1929-2009). Address: Ryazan region, Sasovo, Vokzalnaya street, 56 Phone: +7(49133)4-03-45 Opening hours: Tickets: Description:

[edit] Entertainment in Sasovo

[edit] Country excursions

Ruins of the estate of Baron von der Launitz in the village of Kargashino.

House-Museum of A.S.Novikov-Priboy

Address: Ryazan region, Sasovsky district, Matveevskoye village Telephone: +749133)4-03-45 Opening hours: Tickets: Description:

[edit] Information on the Internet about Sasov

sasovoics.ryazan.ru - website of the district Administration
sasovo.com.ru – Sasovo portal
sasovo.net - website of the city of Sasovo

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Administrative division

The total area of the municipality - the urban district of Sasovo is 24.04 square meters. km, including:

— industrial land — 238 hectares;

— public land — 323 hectares;

— forest areas — 105 hectares;

— agricultural land — 656 hectares;

- lands occupied by water - 123 hectares;

— land for transport, communications and utilities — 130 hectares;

— residential land — 254 hectares;

— land for public and business development — 171 hectares;

— under military and other sensitive facilities — 32 hectares;

- not involved in urban planning or other activities - 372 hectares.

Transport

The city of Sasovo is provided with three intercity (Kadom, Ermish, Ryazan) and one interregional bus route Sasovo - Kadom - Moscow.

There are 4 local ring routes with opposite traffic and 5 city routes serving the inner part of the residential zone and the industrial zone.

The maximum distance in the city from the nearest bus stop is 500 m.

A railway line passes through the city, along which freight and passenger transportation is carried out from Moscow in an easterly direction to the Urals and Siberia.

Communications, media

There are three automatic telephone exchanges in the city with a total capacity of 8248 numbers, which have access to an international connection and the INTERNET computer network.

The city of Sasovo has its own cable television studio, which provides residents with 27 television channels.

Since 2010, the city has been able to connect residents to digital television, which has more than 80 channels.

In the municipality of Sasovo, two socio-political newspapers are published: “Call from Sasovo”, “Sasovo Week”.

Documentary film “Sasovo and the Great Patriotic War”

Documentary film about the history of his native land during the war
Author: Oleg Vladimirovich Mamaev, history teacher (city of Sasovo, Ryazan region) Description: The text that follows was intended for the dubbing of the documentary film “Sasovo and the Great Patriotic War”. However, the information it contains is of independent interest and can be used outside the video format. The material talks about individual episodes of life and struggle in the Sasovo region in 1941-1945, and also dispels common historical myths and misconceptions.

Objectives: 1. To tell residents of the Sasovo region and everyone interested in the history of the Great Patriotic War about the most important events and facts related to the daily life of the city of Sasovo and the Sasovo region in 1941-1945.
2. To intensify the interest of students of educational institutions of the Sasovo region in the history of their small homeland, its little-studied pages. Text:

The further the Great Patriotic War moves away from us, the fewer of its direct participants remain alive and the more myths the fatal events of the past become overgrown with. Some of these myths are thrown into the public consciousness on purpose, while the other part arises unconsciously as a result of the general degradation of historical memory. Residents of the small Ryazan town of Sasovo also know little about their native history. The poverty of local history materials and weak educational work with the population contributed to the fact that the Sasovo people’s ideas about their own past are more or less mythologized. This video will tell you about the most common myths associated with the ideas of Sasovo residents about the life of their city and region during the Great Patriotic War.

Myth one.
During the war, Sasovo was part of the country's rear and, as such, there was no real threat to it from the German occupation. This myth is a consequence of the degradation processes occurring in Russian education.
Several years ago, a sociological survey was conducted among students in the Ryazan region on what they knew about the Great Patriotic War. One of the questions addressed to schoolchildren was: did the front line pass through the territory of the Ryazan region? The survey results were shocking: most schoolchildren have no idea how far the Germans advanced at the beginning of the war, and do not know that the western regions of the Ryazan region were temporarily occupied by the enemy in the fall of 1941. Meanwhile, the events of those fateful days have long been described by historians. Already on June 23, the next day of the war, the Ryazan region was transferred to martial law. And five months later, during the battle for Moscow, the Ryazan region turned into a combat area. In the fall of 1941, German aircraft began bombing the regional capital and other cities. At the end of November, the enemy captured Mikhailov, Zakharovo and Skopin. There were only 150 kilometers left to Sasov. The surviving memories of eyewitnesses indicate that in those days German planes flew over Sasov and an air raid alert was declared in the city almost every day. At the end of the autumn of 1941, seven western districts of the Ryazan region came under German occupation. The road into the interior of the region was open. A participant in the Great Patriotic War and Sasovo local historian Pavel Pochitalin cites the facts that the Sasovo leadership took the possibility of capturing the city and region by German troops very seriously. In case of a German invasion of Sasovo, a fighter squad is created to fight enemy tanks and infantry. Several partisan bases are organized in local forests to conduct armed struggle against the invaders. As part of the organization of air defense, a battery of anti-aircraft guns is installed near the bridge over the Tsna River. As a last resort, preparations are underway to evacuate the population of Sasov to the city of Kuibyshev, the reserve Soviet capital. Thus, the threat of the German occupation of Sasovo at the end of 1941 was more than real. If the Red Army had failed to defend Moscow, the Ryazan region could well have turned black. Fortunately, this scenario remained only hypothetical. At the end of November, the headquarters of the Tenth Army of General Golikov arrived in Shilovo and already on the tenth of December the entire territory of the Ryazan region was cleared of invaders. The Ryazan region again became part of the country's rear. Myth two.
Sasov's military glory during the war years is inextricably linked with the Civil Aviation Flight School. This myth is not a consequence of ordinary illiteracy, as it might seem at first glance.
Its popularity is explained by a completely natural provincial desire to pass off wishful thinking. The fact is that the Sasovo Flight School is a source of pride for local residents. On the wall of the city hotel there is graffiti with a portrait of Grigory Taran, whose name the flight school bears. And in the city park there is an airplane designed to instill pride in their history among Sasovites. However, no matter how much anyone would like it, the flight school has no direct connection to Sasov’s military glory during the war years. Firstly, the flight school dates back to 1943, and combat missions from Sasovo airfields began back in 1941. Secondly, in 1943, not the flight school itself arose, but an aviation school in the Omsk region, which was located at a great distance from Sasovo and was relocated to the Ryazan region after the end of the war, and subsequently renamed the Sasovo flight school. And thirdly, the true glory of Sasovo military airfields was associated not with the civil air fleet, but with long-range bomber aircraft, which terrified the German invaders from the very first days of the war. What specific units of long-range bomber aviation are we talking about and where were they located? "Top secret. From the order of the People's Commissar of Defense of the USSR, number 00115, December 3, 1941, Moscow. In pursuance of the resolution of the State Defense Committee, I ORDER: To form the first heavy bomber aviation division consisting of: Division Directorate; 750 heavy bomber aviation regiment consisting of 20 DB-3F ships and 751 heavy bomber aviation regiment consisting of 20 DB-3F ships. Formation dislocation – SASOVO.” These and other aviation regiments were stationed in Sasovo itself, as well as in two villages of the Sasovo region: Ogarevo-Pochkovo and Aleshino. The flights were carried out on the DB-3F aircraft, developed under the leadership of Soviet scientist Sergei Ilyushin and later named Il-4. The commander of the 750th Bomber Aviation Regiment was Major Boris Vladimirovich Bitsky. The 751st Bomber Aviation Regiment was commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Vasily Gavrilovich Tikhonov. The following fact speaks about what kind of person he was. Back in August forty-one, when the Red Army was retreating under the pressure of the German invaders, Tikhonov took part in the bombing of Berlin, for which he was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. The history of long-range bomber aircraft stationed at Sasovo airfields has been completely insufficiently studied. The most complete information about it was collected by Sasovo local historian Pyotr Kasyan. In numerous articles in the newspaper “Prazyv” he spoke about interesting facts related to the history of Sasovo military airfields, aviation regiments and specific human destinies. These articles are in the public domain in the local history department of the Central Sasovo Library. Myth three.
During the war years, the economic importance of Sasov as part of the country's rear was completely determined by its status as a large railway junction. As with any myth, there is a significant amount of truth in the statement quoted above.
It is impossible to deny the huge role of the railway and the locomotive depot in the history of Sasov. It was the railway workers who were the driving force behind revolutionary changes in the city. It was they who ensured the uninterrupted operation of transport during the terrible years of the Great Patriotic War. It is impossible to overestimate the hard work of the workers of the Sasovo track and the carriage depot. And quite deservedly, the old steam locomotive from the war years now adorns one of the streets of Sasov. However, it would be wrong to assume that the economic importance of Sasov as part of the country’s rear was completely determined by its status as a large railway junction. It is wrong in relation to the majority of the population of the Sasovo region - those who, with their much harder work, ensured the fulfillment of state procurements in agriculture during the war years. Let us read as an example just one document showing how much effort the Sasovo collective farmers gave so that the Red Army would not need anything. From a letter from workers of the Sasovo region on January 23, 1943. “Collective farmers of the Sasovo region collected 1,600,000 rubles for the construction of the tank column “Ryazan Collective Farmer” and from their personal reserves contributed 21,600 pounds of bread to our army fund. Collective farmers also collected 2,000,000 rubles for the construction of the Ryazan Collective Farmer air squadron. In total, the workers of our region collected money and government bonds worth 8 million rubles. Now, for the holiday of February 23, we are still preparing a large number of all kinds of gifts for our front-line soldiers, our Ryazan fellow countrymen.” After some time, a telegram came to the Sasovo district party committee: “Tell the workers of the Sasovo district, who collected 8 million rubles for the construction of weapons and sent gifts and warm clothes to the front-line soldiers - my fraternal greetings and gratitude to the Red Army.” Stalin, April 4, 1943. Of course, speaking about the constant overfulfillment of the plan by Sasovo collective farmers, one must keep in mind that these labor feats were achieved through their own malnutrition and exhaustion of the people’s strength. But that is precisely why it is so important today to remember the sacrifices that the residents of Sasovo villages brought to the altar of Victory. In all villages of the Sasovo region today there are monuments and obelisks in honor of war heroes. But nowhere is there a monument to ordinary Sasovo peasant women. Thus, in the photographs of Mikhail Savin they harnessed themselves to a plow instead of horses and plowed the black and heavy Sasovo soil... Myth four.
The city of Sasovo is the birthplace of eighteen Heroes of the Soviet Union. It would be more correct to call this myth a delusion, which nevertheless has firmly settled in the heads of many urban schoolchildren.
The Sasovo land really gave the homeland eighteen heroes, but these heroes were natives of both Sasovo itself and numerous Sasovo villages and hamlets. Moreover, of the eighteen Sasovo residents awarded gold stars, only 3 people were born directly in Sasovo, and Sasovo at that time was also not a city, but a village. Therefore, we can say that all Sasov heroes actually come from the village. Someone may object: what difference does it make who was born where, because there is only one land - Sasovo! And this someone will be completely wrong. The vast majority of Soviet soldiers who took part in the war came from rural areas. It was thanks to the human resources of the village that the war was won. And when today they say pathetically, “no one is forgotten and nothing is forgotten,” we must first of all remember the current state of Russian villages and hamlets. To understand the current state of the Sasovo village, let us turn to the study “Settlements of the Sasovo District. Past and present". This work was written by a student from one of the district schools and was highly appreciated at the municipal and regional levels. A separate section of the study talks about non-residential and abolished settlements in the Sasovsky district. Over the past half century, 45 local villages have ceased to exist. And this number continues to grow steadily. Socio-economic factors that became a reality after the collapse of the USSR are cited as the reason for the death of villages. Let's look at the consequences of these factors in one of the settlements in the Sasovsky district. Concrete skeletons of dairy farms are typical “attractions” of Sasovo villages and hamlets. Some rural schoolchildren do not even know what the purpose of these gloomy structures was. And it’s clear why. Livestock farming - as a branch of agriculture - is virtually dead in the Sasovo region. One damning example is enough: at the end of Soviet power, only in one Sasovo village of Ustye there were as many cows as there are today in a hundred villages, villages and towns that make up the Sasovo region. With only a thousand cows in the entire Sasovo region, it is impossible to conduct normal agriculture, it is impossible to provide the local population with work. 76 years after the end of the war, Sasovo villages look as if the war ended only yesterday... But there was no war yesterday. And no bombs fell. All means of production were destroyed in peacetime, without any external enemies. One can argue about why this happened. But it is unlikely that eighteen Sasovites - Heroes of the Soviet Union - fought for such a future for their small homeland, their Sasovsky district. Myth fifth.
Nothing interesting has been written on the topic “Sasovo and the Great Patriotic War” and there is nothing to read. Any resident of Sasovo can dispel this myth in his free time. It is enough to personally visit the Central Sasovo Library to familiarize yourself with the materials of local historians. The first publication that you need to pay attention to is the book by Sasovo local historian Pavel Pochitalin “Sasovo during the Great Patriotic War.” This publication is of a compilative nature: it includes archival research by the author himself, a description of the exploits of Sasovo heroes and poems by local poets. Another book telling about the Sasovites - Heroes of the Soviet Union - belongs to the pen of another local local historian, Alexei Malinov. To write this book, the author personally met with the relatives of Sasovo heroes and restored their biographies. The history of evacuation hospitals and stories about the fate of Sasovo doctors made up the contents of a collection of articles entitled “Soldiers of Mercy.” The main author of the book was Alexey Khomyakov, a participant in the Great Patriotic War, a famous Sasovo local historian. Dedicated to the history of the village of Ustye, Mikhail Abashkin’s book tells about little-known pages of the history of the Sasovo region. It contains interesting facts about the unceremonious truth of the war, about how hard it was for the Sasovo collective farmers in the rear. You can find the names of your relatives who died or disappeared during the Great Patriotic War in the “Book of Memory. Volume 2. Sasovo district.” This publication is also available in electronic form on the Internet. Those interested in the forgotten but fascinating topic of long-range bomber aircraft in Sasovo can read newspaper articles collected in the local history dossier of local resident Peter Kasyan. In addition to the dossier of Pyotr Kasyan, on a special local history shelf of the Central Sasovo Library there are files with newspaper clippings about Sasovo members - participants in the Great Patriotic War. Rare historical information, letters from war heroes and testimonies of contemporaries - these and many other documents can be found in the Sasovo Museum of Local Lore. The most valuable historical documents are stored in the State Archive of the Ryazan Region. Here, for example, is some interesting information that can be found in the archives of the Sasovo City Committee of the CPSU - about the work of the party organization of the Sasovo district during the Great Patriotic War: - orders of the district air defense headquarters, certificates of air defense readiness; — information from the district council on the progress of general military training of the population; — combat training program for militia units; — report on the placement of orphans in the Kursk region; — certificates about collecting warm clothes for the Red Army; — a copy of Marshal Zhukov’s letter to the head of the Sasovo Hospital for Reconstructive Surgery; — letters from commanders about the participation of Sasovo soldiers in combat operations on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War; — certificates about the work of the Sasovo branch of the Moscow-Ryazan Railway. Thus, formally, there is local history literature in Sasovo, and in Ryazan there are archival documents from which interesting facts can be extracted. The problem is that a truly fundamental work detailing how the Sasovo region lived and fought during the war has not yet been created. There are simply not enough unique local history materials to write such a book. Documents from the Ryazan archive have not been digitized, and Sasovo materials are too fragmentary and not systematized. And there is simply no one to write such a book. The old Sasovo local historians have long since died, and new ones have not been born. Young people are focused on migrating from Sasovo and the history of their native land is of little interest to them. Whether the native history of the Sasovo administration is interesting is also far from obvious. So far, the knowledge of local residents about the past of their small homeland is very superficial. And this is an alarming trend that is useful to think about today – on the eve of the main historical holiday in our country.

We recommend watching:

Student project about the history of his native land during the Great Patriotic War with the presentation of the Oranienbaum bridgehead. Defense of Leningrad MP DKBF Virtual excursion for schoolchildren “Partisans of the Great Patriotic War” Extracurricular activity “Battle of Legedzino” (9th grade, deaf children). Abstract with presentation

Culture, education, social life

In the city there are 8 pre-school educational institutions, 5 general education schools, 5 additional education institutions (Center for the Development of Creativity of Children and Youth, Young Technicians Station, Municipal Budgetary Educational Institution of Educational Institutions FSK "Crystal", music and art schools), evening correspondence classes at secondary school No. 6, center for social and psychological assistance to children and adolescents, information and methodological center.

On the territory of the city of Sasovo is located the State Educational Institution of Secondary Professional Education Sasovo Industrial Technical School, which combines agricultural and technological technical schools, 2 branches of Moscow universities based on technical schools, 1 branch of the Radio Academy, Sasovo Flight School of Civil Aviation.

The city has 1 Sasovo centralized library system, which includes 5 branches of city libraries.

The local history museum of Sasovo is widely known, which conducts large excursion activities. Information about it is available in the All-Russian Register of Museums, and the Tourism website reports on the sights of the city of Sasovo - the Kazan Church (built in 1815). Churches in honor of the Archangel Michael (built in the 90s of the twentieth century) and in honor of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary (built in 2010); merchant houses of the 19th century (the building of the local history museum, school No. 106, the military registration and enlistment office, the city administration) and monuments located on the territory of the city.

The history of the youngest institution - the Museum of Russian Song named after A.P. Averkin has been underway since 2000. Unique exhibits – personal belongings of A.P. Averkin, artists L. Zykina, A. Strelchenko, A. Litvinenko, V. Tolkunova, rare musical instruments attract the attention of city guests.

The city's fellow countrymen are the Russian philosopher and cosmist N.F. Fedorov, actor and director A.P. Lensky, writer Yu.M. Korolkov.

The name of Nikolai Fedorovich Makarov, a native of the village. Sasovo, the creator of the world-famous PM pistol, AM-23 aircraft cannon and other types of weapons, will forever go down in the history of Russian defense technology and industry. The first model of small arms developed by Nikolai Fedorovich - a 9-mm pistol, on which he worked for more than five years, in conditions of fierce competition from the authors of other projects, successfully passed tests and was adopted by the Soviet Army in 1951. Until now, for more than half a century, it has been the personal weapon of army officers, employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and other law enforcement agencies of our country. Mass production of Makarov pistols was established not only in the USSR, but also under appropriate licenses abroad. The number of Makarov pistols “released” is in the millions. For a long time, “PM” had no analogues in its class in terms of weight and dimensions, simplicity of design, originality of the trigger mechanism and manufacturability.

At the end of 2012, the Sasovo municipal formation took first place in the nomination for the title “The most comfortable urban district, urban settlement of the Ryazan region,” with a bonus paid to the city in the amount of 1,500 thousand rubles.

For avid Internet users, Sasovo is a once popular cartoon. For ufologists - UFO airfield. And for local authorities it is a hotbed of freethinking.

For the second year in a row, residents of the Sasovsky district of the Ryazan region write letters to the presidents of the country - first Putin, then Medvedev, demanding to stop the illegal construction of a chemical plant. Rural school teachers who created an environmental organization gather so many people for protests that Moscow and St. Petersburg “dissenters” envy them. And for direct communication with Vladimir Putin, Sasovo environmentalists prepared their own flash mob: several dozen people called the community center throughout the day and asked the same question: “Why is the Constitution of the Russian Federation not being respected in the Ryazan region?”

Stranglehold

The protest movement is headed by a former teacher, disabled person of the second group, Vera Mikhailovna Dronnik from the village of Sotnitsyno. From here to Moscow is 400 versts, to the regional center of Sasovo - 15. A terrible disease - cancer - has a stranglehold on the village. Vera Mikhailovna leafed through the notebook with which she walked around the courtyards, writing down sick fellow villagers. The results are shocking - 40 cancer patients.

“On Gagarin Street alone, out of 58 people, seven fell ill over the past two years. Four have already died

, says Dronnik.

The pensioner took up the terrible statistics after the death of 12-year-old Masha Tatyanina. At the beginning of 2007, doctors gave the girl a terrible diagnosis - blood cancer. The story is generally common in Russia: Masha needed urgent surgery, and her parents did not have money for treatment. The girl’s father, Dmitry, received about 5 thousand rubles at the sugar factory in Sotnitsyno. His wife Marina, head of the library, and even less so. Treatment at the Ryazan OKB was free only on paper.

“We were forced to buy everything ourselves, from syringes to medicines, which cost tens of thousands of rubles,” says Dmitry. “In order to somehow get out, they started calling relatives and friends. Neighbor Vera Mikhailovna was one of the first to respond to the call for help.

At first, she took her pension to Tatyanin. Then, she went to the Sasovo church with a photo of the girl and collected another 10 thousand rubles. The entire village then began donating money for treatment. But it was not possible to save the girl. After the funeral, the villagers seriously thought about the reasons for the high mortality rate in the village.

Poisoned life

Two enterprises came under suspicion.

The first is the yeast workshop. No cleaning. The waste is simply dumped into ditches. The fumes, along with the pores of the fungi, are carried by the wind.

The second is the Maltsevsky chemical plant, five kilometers away, dumping waste into the Aleshnya River.

“We began to correspond with Moscow experts, with biological and chemical institutes, with professors at Moscow State University,” says Sotnitsino resident Tatyana Indeeva, “and found out that such disposal of yeast waste is similar to the explosion of a bacteriological bomb. The pores of the fungus inside the body do not die, but develop, causing malignant tumors. And although the local state epidemiological surveillance reassured us, they say, everything is fine - no big deal, the owners of the yeast workshop, after repeated complaints, agreed to install cleaning equipment.

With the second enterprise everything turned out to be more complicated. Rural ecologists found out that the owners of the chemical plant, without approvals or examinations, decided to launch a phenol-formaldehyde resin workshop.

“Phenol is a potent poison,” says Tatyana, “causing poisoning of the body, including through the skin. A quarter of the body's surface area is fatal. But construction proceeded without a project, anyhow. Look...

She pulls out documents according to which the construction of a workshop for the production of phenol-formaldehyde resins began in 2006, and the working draft was sent for examination only in 2007. He received a negative conclusion. But this fact was ignored.

The worst thing, the villagers believe, is that the largest elevator in the Ryazan region operates in close proximity to chemical production, and in total, six villages with a population of more than 5,000 people fell into the exclusion zone. Naturally, no one is going to resettle them.

Trouble united

Vera Dronnik realized that it was difficult to achieve anything alone and published in the regional newspaper an appeal to her fellow countrymen to unite to fight the chemists. The note had the effect of a bomb exploding. Residents of villages and even the regional center began to join the rural environmental organization.

...Entrepreneur Tatiana Kuzina has her own store, house, and jeep. 32-year-old worker Oleg Ulyantsev drives around Sasovo in an old Lada. Social statuses are different, the problem is the same. A year ago, Tatyana’s mother died of cancer. Oleg's father is sick.

“We have our own house not far from Sotnitsyno, in Sablino, maybe my father caught this infection there, he really loved to tinker in the garden,” Oleg wonders, and Father Lukashenko frowns sternly from the portrait on the wall in his apartment.

After the collapse of the Union, Ulyantsev’s father remained to serve in the Belarusian army, and when he retired in 1997, the family returned to their homeland in Sasovo. And now - cancer.

“I can’t understand one thing,” Oleg continues, “Putin seems to be cooler than Lukashenko.” But then the dad said, and all the officials immediately rushed to do it. But here it’s the other way around. On TV it’s one thing, but in life it’s another. And I don't want it to be like that. My son is growing up. So I thought, maybe I can change something.

Tatyana called after Vera’s note and offered help.

And teachers from Lyubovnikovskaya secondary school who joined the organization proposed holding a referendum.

Refugees are tough nuts to crack

Residents of Lyubovnikovo are lucky - the chemical plant is twenty kilometers away, and people here get sick much less often. It seems that what do they care about other people's troubles?

But refugees from the former republics of the USSR settled here, having survived the parade of sovereignties of the 90s. Using them, you can study the geography of interethnic conflicts on the territory of the former Soviet Union. Ekaterina Harutyunyan, a philologist, fled from Turkmenistan, her husband, historian Arthur, from Kyrgyzstan. Librarian Natalya Bakanova was evacuated by a military transport plane from Baku. The school director, Saligzhan Zaripov, moved to Russia from Uzbekistan. They all started here from scratch, they know what a pound is worth, and they could not stay away.

“When you begin to understand that the nightmare can repeat itself, it becomes scary,” says Harutyunyan, deputy chairman of the movement. - It doesn’t matter what you’re running from, from nationalists, or from toxic emissions. That's why we set out to organize a referendum.

The law, alas, is no help to them

It was very difficult to get through the legislative fence. The election commission, having considered the application, forwarded it to the district duma, which twice prohibited the referendum. The only one of the people’s representatives who voted “for” was the doctor at the local hospital from the village of Demushkino, Yuri Ignatov, a former “Afghan”. Like Lyubovnikov’s teachers, he himself is a forced migrant. He arrived in 1992 with his wife and nine children (six of whom were adopted) from Bendery. According to Yuri, he did not believe in a positive outcome of the vote, but when the deputies began to count whether chemists would have any benefit, the scales swung in the opposite direction.

“This may be cynical, but in our time money decides a lot,” he says, “but it turned out that the chemical plant does not pay taxes, since it is generally registered in the Nizhny Novgorod region. The lands of three of our farms are suffering from it. The chairmen of these farms also became worried - the “chemists” began to buy up land shares. In general, the deputies thought and voted “for”.

The referendum was held on March 2 simultaneously with the presidential elections. 92 percent of Sasovo residents answered the question: “Do you consider it necessary to locate the production of phenol-formaldehyde resins in the region?” - they answered negatively.

What is God's dew

But... But the owners of the chemical plant continued construction. Then mass rallies began in the Sasovo region. In parallel with the street protests, there was a battle in court. And in the end, environmentalists won the dispute, and a court order was issued to ban construction. The workshop was sealed by bailiffs.

“A month ago, the bailiffs informed us that their seals had been broken, and the installation of equipment began in the workshop. We don’t have the right to go inside, because the plant is private property,” Vera Dronnik complains. “Therefore, protests will continue.

The head of the district, Alexey Anokhin, supports environmentalists.

“There will be no workshop in my district,” he says.

However, residents are confident that decisions are made at a different level.

“In our time, not a single entrepreneur would risk building a new plant without enlisting the support of the provincial authorities,” says Vera Mikhailovna, “but it was the provincial authorities who created a special interdepartmental commission, which should deal with resolving this issue.” They are lying, of course...

The Sasovites cannot understand what kind of “settlement” they are talking about when there is a court ruling and the results of the referendum. However, in Russia, the “legal fields” between the authorities and the people are very different.

The Free Press will follow developments.

From our dossier

The owner of the workshop is a certain LLC “Novoye” of the Nizhnemaltsevsky chemical plant, registered in Dzerzhinsk, Nizhny Novgorod region. General Director of the plant Ravil Nafikov. At first, management passed off the structure being built as either a locomotive hangar or a warehouse. After the referendum, they tried to challenge its results in the Arbitration Court of the Ryazan Region, proving the illegality of the popular vote, which affected the economic interests of the enterprise. The court confirmed the legality of the actions of the region's population. The production was designed by the St. Petersburg enterprise Safe Technologies.