We love: why Ivan the Terrible named the city that way and who is the real author of the folk song “Kamarinskaya”

We love

(Yaroslavl region)

OKATO code:
78218501
Founded:
1546
City since:
1546 City of district subordination (Lyubimsky district, Yaroslavl region)
Center:
Lyubimsky district
Telephone code (reference phone)

Deviation from Moscow time, hours:
0
Geographic latitude:
58°21′
Geographic longitude:
40°42′
Altitude above sea level, meters:
105 Sunrise and sunset times in the city of Lyubim

Population

The population of the city according to 2010 data is 5553 people. In 2006, the mortality rate was 22.7 people per 1,000 inhabitants, while the birth rate was 14.2 people per 1,000 inhabitants. There is a trend towards a decrease in mortality and an increase in the birth rate (even more than in the Yaroslavl region).

Map

We love: photos from space (Google Maps) We love: photos from space (Microsoft Virtual Earth)

a brief description of

Located at the confluence of the river. Studying in the district Obnora (tributary of the Kostroma), 123 km northeast of Yaroslavl. Railway station.

Territory (sq. km): 86

Information about the city of Lyubim on the Russian Wikipedia site

Historical sketch

Founded in 1546, in the 16th century. The city was called Lyubim. The name is from the Russian personal name Lyubim, very common in the 15th and 16th centuries.

Since 1708, the city of the Moscow province, since 1719 - in the Kostroma province of the Moscow province. Since 1777, the district town of Lyubim of the Yaroslavl governorship (since 1796 - Yaroslavl province).

In 1856, in the district town of Lyubim, Yaroslavl province, there were 7 churches, 334 houses, 76 shops.

Since the 1920s the village of Lyubim, from April 20, 1938 again the city of Lyubim.

Economy

Forestry and local industry enterprises, meat processing plant.

Culture, science, education

The poet L.N. was born in Lyubim. Trefolev, author of the famous song “Kamarinskaya”.

Museums, galleries, exhibition halls

Lyubimsky Museum of History and Local Lore 152470, Yaroslavl region, Lyubimsky district, Lyubim, st. Oktyabrskaya, 11 Phone(s): (48543) 23-370 Website: https://lubim-muzey.ru/

Famous people

Natives

• Romanov, Boris Leonidovich (1942) - People's Artist of Russia.

Others

In 1560, during the capture of the Fellin fortress, the landmaster of the Teutonic Order in Livonia, Johann Wilhelm von Furstenberg, was captured by order of Ivan the Terrible, he was exiled to Lyubim, where he may have died no earlier than 1568.

For some time, the Hungarian Rudolf Garashin lived in Lyubim, who was captured here as a prisoner of war in the First World War; here he joined the Communist Party. During the Great Patriotic War he was chief of staff of the regiment. After the liberation of his homeland, he returned to Hungary, where he served as Minister of Internal Affairs and Ambassador to China and Korea. In 1967, shortly before his death, he came to Lyubim.

Department of Tourism

Symbols of the Yaroslavl region

Coats of arms of cities of the Yaroslavl region

Yaroslavl

Rybinsk

Pereslavl - Zalessky

Rostov Veliky

Uglich

Tutaev

Gavrilov-Yam

Myshkin

Danilov

We love

Poshekhonye

Coats of arms of municipal districts

Yaroslavl Municipal District (Yaroslavsky District)

Rybinsk Municipal District

Gavrilov-Yamsky Municipal District

Nekrasovsky Municipal District

Borisoglebsky municipal district

Pereslavl Municipal District

Nekouz Municipal District

Breitovsky Municipal District

Coats of arms of rural settlements

Petrovsk

Semibratovo

Rural settlement Ivnyakovskoye

Coats of arms of now defunct cities

City of Mologa

City of Romanov

Borisoglebsk city

Love (Lyubim)

We love

- the smallest city in the Yaroslavl region and one of the smallest in Russia, the administrative center of the municipal district.

Located at the confluence of the Ucha and Obnora rivers. The nearest cities are Danilov (38 km) and Bui, Kostroma region (60 km). The city's population is just over 5,000 people.

Lyubim's story

The first mention of the city dates back to the time of Ivan the Terrible. According to legend, he loved to hunt in local forests rich in game and ordered the founding of a fortress here that would protect local residents from the attacks of the Kazan Tatars.

According to the main version, the city got its name thanks to the male name Lyubim, which was very common in Rus' in the 16th century.

The reform of the government of Elena Glinskaya, the purpose of which was to strengthen trade and the country's defense capability, made Lyubim one of the hundred most significant cities in Russia. Gradually the city developed into an important center of domestic trade.

In 1777, Lyubim was granted city status, although at that time there were no pavements or street lighting. The main occupations of the residents were agriculture, logging and cheese making. Less than a year later, the city's coat of arms was approved.

By the beginning of the 19th century, there were only six stone houses in Lyubim, the population was about 2,000 people.

Active population growth was observed in the second half of the 20th century, but at the moment this figure is steadily declining. The city has agricultural enterprises, a butter and cheese factory, a bakery and a timber processing plant.

Attractions Lyubim

Lyubim is a small provincial town, which makes it interesting. The central part of the city has a radial-ring development, which was typical for medieval Russian cities.

Mysteries of the city of Lyubim

In the northeast of the Yaroslavl region, at the confluence of the Ucha and Obnora rivers, there is a town with an unusual name - Lyubim.
Now you can’t call it a backwater, as historians and local historians used to write about it. On the contrary, it grows and develops, maintaining its originality, each year presenting local historians with more and more mysteries. On the western outskirts of Lyubim, at the end of Trinity Street, there are three churches built at approximately the same time: Trinity, Kazanskaya and Tikhvinskaya. At first glance, it seems that there was once a monastery, a fortress or other defensive fortification here, but there is no factual evidence of this yet, although the churches were once surrounded by a stone fence, and their names are characteristic. The oldest of them is called Trinity, which is on the moat, and the bell tower at the northwestern corner, the Tikhvin Church, is the gate tower.

According to preliminary information, the Tikhvin Church was built in 1786, but some elements in its architecture indicate that this is an earlier building that has come down to us in a distorted form.

It seems that at a later time a high quadrangle with a strongly extended apse and windows decorated in the traditions of the “Moscow Baroque” was added to the old gate church. Differences in style are immediately visible: the window frames of early and late buildings are different, and the decorative design of the windows is also different. If in an early building we see kokoshniks above the windows, then in a later building the windows end with torn pediments with keystones. In addition, the eastern part of the early building is slightly higher than the altar apse of the later one and has a semicircular structure in plan.

Unfortunately, the western part of the old church was lost: instead, in the second half of the 19th century, a two-story gallery with semi-circular windows and triangular pediments was added on both facades. Therefore, in order to understand what the Tikhvin Church actually looked like and whether it was a gatehouse, serious architectural and restoration research is needed. Not everything is clear with the Trinity Church: it was built in 1739, but some researchers suggest that construction took place at the turn of the 17th–18th centuries. This is indicated, for example, by the large brick used for construction in the 17th century - it was found next to the church.

Riddle three: the treasury building Another attraction of Lyubim is the building of the former county treasury. It was previously believed that this house was built in the first third of the 19th century and belonged to the merchant Lobanov, but when opening the plaster on the facades of the building, architectural elements of early classicism of the 1780s were revealed. Architects-restorers from Yaroslavl Vyacheslav Safronov and Dmitry Kshukin found out that this building housed the county treasury, and on its first and second floors there were rooms clearly intended for storing the treasury. During the restoration work, when opening the plaster, on the facades of the house between the windows of the first and second floors and under the windows of the first, filled niches were discovered, and when laying pits in the base of the building, chipped bases of pilasters of the late 18th century were revealed. After opening the niches, it was confirmed that the house was indeed older than previously thought. Now it has been partially restored, put in order and is now considered the most beautiful in the city by the residents of Lyubim. Youth

Source

Cursed city

Eternal flame in Lyubim. Photo by Vladimir Zakharin

If you don't get there, you can't swim

Judging by the www-encyclopedia, there should be an airport in Lyubim. Airport?! Yes, planes have never even flown over this place.

It's hard to get into Love. And this is a sure sign of the right place. Of course, you can get to such a city by your own car, but who needs this and why?

There are no dachas here. This is not a resort. There are no historical monuments here. “Cultural figures” did not live here. There seems to be absolutely nothing to do in such a place. Except for one thing – it’s surprisingly easy to breathe here. The air is so clean that after getting off the bus, after a short time I felt that I was starting to feel dizzy - from the excess oxygen. Acclimatization took two days.

The intercity bus goes to Lyubim for more than three hours (from Yaroslavl). More precisely, three hours 45 minutes through Danilov and three hours 10 minutes through Sereda. And this bus is the old “Pazik”, which, snorting and falling apart as it goes, trudges at an average speed of 40 kilometers per hour - along an endless two-lane highway, past fields and forests (the closer to Lyubim, the more forests), on which the farther , the less often you come across oncoming cars. And in the end, in the last hour of the journey there are none at all.

There is one train passing through the local station, but it is the kind of train that no one should travel on. Because it belongs to the class of those trains that go to and from the zone.

More recently, Lyubim was a dead end on the map. There was nowhere to go further from there. After the construction of the new road, a direct route to the Vologda region appeared. This spurred the growth of the local bakery, but had no effect on local consciousness.

It is difficult for local residents to imagine a person who simply came to Lyubim without having any relatives or connections here. And therefore, people who decide to do this arouse genuine curiosity and fear.

At a local hotel, more like a hostel, I was the only guest for a week. And the arrangement there was more reminiscent of a friendly conversation at the prosecutor's office than a simple procedure for issuing keys.

King with a bird

“Will you have any cabbage soup?” - asks the hospitable server from the Sokol restaurant (one can hardly call her a waitress, because she pours the soup and serves it). Thursday evening, I am the only visitor, and I was already warned that the restaurant is actually closed because they are preparing for a banquet on Friday, but since I came, then... I get beef schnitzel in addition to the cabbage soup.

The king is galloping along the wall on a horse with a bird in his hand (the horse squints with a kind eye). A well-fed lynx stalks angrily down a tree, chasing a fat bunny. A squirrel, human-sized, holds a cone that can kill an elephant. An ancient Russian man and woman (she is bare-breasted) touch each other with the backs of their hands, and above them - in the heights - two schematic birds fly away in different directions. And two conditional owls are watching this chaos from a hollow. The entire extravaganza is carved out of wood and occupies the entire walls - wherever possible. Seeing such epic paintings, the owners of the Dacha restaurant must die of envy, because the Russian style of wood carving here in Lyubim has been brought to a surrealistic concentration.

But few people see all this beauty. Because in Lyubim people don’t go to a restaurant for lunch so easily. Why, if you can still get to the house on foot. Therefore, only the main life events are celebrated in the restaurant - weddings. Rich weddings.

Ivan and the Cossacks

Ivan the Terrible hunted in the vicinity of Lyubim. With falcons. So, in any case, believes the local fantasy, which christened one of the local groves falcon.

The last war that took place in Lyubim was the Russian-Polish war. This is not about the Soviet-Polish campaign of 1919–1920, but about the Time of Troubles. Then one of the stray Cossack detachments - by chance, on the way to Vologda - burned and robbed Lyubim.

This was the biggest disaster in the history of the city - not counting, of course, the fire that happened at 9 a.m. on July 18, 1897. Then the telegraph, post office, zemstvo and city government, hospital, pharmacy, almshouse, church, tannery and sawmill and many residential buildings burned down.

Lyubim flourished in the 16th century. Everything else is a sunset that lasts forever.

"Chaika" is not "Falcon"

There are 2 catering outlets in Lyubim. Cafe "Chaika" and restaurant "Sokol".

Friday – restaurant with special service. So, on Friday I have lunch at the Chaika cafe. Lunch costs a little over 30 rubles (what is “small” for me includes a salad of one bitter tomato), and the menu is written down to the penny. But usually only visiting merchants dine here. Locals drink here.

"Chaika" is not "Falcon". This is a completely different place. The dialogue between two drunken men (in the silent presence of a drunken blonde) at the next table is reminiscent of the novels of Russian classics. Here it is (verbatim):

“What right does she have to judge us?”

-What right do you have to judge her?

- I'll kill you!

“They deprived you of your freedom, and you want them—life.” God gave life. He can take it away. There is God and there is Satan. Who are you, Satan?

- A child stole a jar of stew or jam, and he was sentenced to three years. And our oligarchs steal as much as they can - and nothing.

- Do you have the right to judge?

– What right did they have to judge me?

And again, let's go and talk about God's judgment and human judgment. Here history is forever frozen on the themes of Dostoevsky.

Neither full nor hungry

Monk Gennady was driven out of Lyubim. It was in 1529, but the day of his expulsion is forever imprinted in the memory of generations. As the rumor goes, Gennady wished the villagers forever “to be neither poor nor rich, neither well-fed nor hungry.”

After leaving Lyubim, Gennady did not go far - 25 versts away he founded a monastery, on Lake Surskoe. Over time, he was recognized as a saint. And the image of Gennady Lyubimogradsky was carried around the city many times in the past - either after a fire, or to prevent cholera, or even simply on holidays.

The only book about the history of Lyubim was written by Vladimir Lavrovich Orlov, a descendant of local priests. “We love how we have stood since time immemorial in this form, and will continue to stand unshakably forever. People have lived and will continue to live. It has always had three thousand inhabitants and five churches.” And it’s true - there are still five churches in the city, not a single one has been demolished (but only one remains operational). The number of residents, however, has doubled.

And the Gennadiev Monastery is being revived. But getting to it is not much easier than in the 16th century.

Love–Moscow

Brief chronology of Lyubim

Before 1379 , Sylvester founded a monastery on Obnor, 20 versts from the present city.

1529 Gennady founded a monastery on Lake Surskoye, 25 miles from the present city.

1538 Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich (Grozny) orders the construction of a fortress on the Ucha and Obnora spit.

1560 The first chronicle mention of Lyubim, the city was allocated “for subsistence” to Wilhelm von Furstenberg, the captured master of the Livonian Order (1500 - June 1568).

1612 A detachment of Cossacks, making their way to Vologda, burns Lyubim along the way.

July 1897 A big fire started in the hay barn of nobleman Mikhailov; half the city burned down

July 1910 An outbreak of cholera in the Zakobyakinsky volost of Lyubimsky district.

July 1919 First Ossetsky rebellion (center - the village of Zakobyakino).

February 1920 Second Ossetsky rebellion (center - the village of Zakobyakino).

Animals and birds are symbols of cities

For example, the symbol of the Cockerels of the Vladimir region is the Rooster. One of the symbols of Rome is the Capitoline Wolf. Her bronze sculpture has stood in the city since ancient times. It is believed that it was she who fed two babies with milk - Romulus and Remus, the legendary founders of the city.

There is also a statue of a wolf in Tambov. Residents of the city are proud of their symbol and even set up a Wolf Museum in Tambov. Since the 16th century, the wolf has been a symbol of the Belarusian city of Volkovysk in the Grodno region. The symbol of the German city of Kaal am Main is the hare. It was when people saw the hares jumping out of the bushes that they decided to found a settlement in this place. They were even nicknamed "Kaal sand hares." The bear is a symbol of Berlin and the Swiss capital, Bern. The name “Bern” itself comes from the word “bear”. In Russia, the bear is a symbol of Yaroslavl. In Madrid: The Fox is a symbol of the Ukrainian Lysichansk and appears on its coat of arms. There is also a place in the city called Lisya Balka. Symbol of Krasnoyarsk: The historical symbol of Jerusalem is a lion. The fact is that the lion is a symbol of the tribe of Judah, from which King David, the founder of Jerusalem, comes. The symbol of Singapore is also the Lion. But not ordinary, but mythical. In appearance it is a creature with the body of a fish and the head of a lion. The symbol of the small Russian town of Myshkin is, of course, the Mouse. Here is the world's only Mouse Museum, which is dearly loved by the Japanese. One of the symbols of the Moscow region town of Losino-Petrovsky is the elk depicted on the city’s coat of arms. The moose's head reminds of the Losin factory founded by Peter the Great, which supplied the army with leather ammunition and uniforms. The eagle is the symbol of the cities of Orel and Pyatigorsk. Pyatigorsk Eagle Moreover: the image of an eagle is the official symbol of the Caucasian Mineral Waters. The eagle is also a symbol of Mexico. According to Aztec legend, the city of Tenochtitlan (aka Mexico City) was founded in the place indicated by the Eagle. Who is the symbol of the Slovak city of Komárno? The name speaks for itself. Of course, a mosquito. A monument was erected to him in the city. The symbol of the industrial Ural Chelyabinsk is... a camel. In the “Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire” for 1830, the following explanation is given: “A loaded camel as a sign that they are brought to this city with goods.” Chelyabinsk used to be located exactly on the Silk Road. Tiger symbol of the city of Oslo: Goat symbol of the city of Tver. In Tver, this animal enjoys well-deserved respect - after all, the production of products from goat skins began here back in the 13th century. And until the 18th century, Tver was the largest and practically the only supplier of goat skin products in Russia.

In Chita, the symbol of the city is the Deer. The symbol of Nima is the crocodile.

Symbol of the city of Batumi dolphin

The symbol of the city of Dijon is an owl. The symbol of the city of Catania is an elephant. The symbol of the city of Bobruisk is a beaver. Residents of the town of Beaver ("Beaver"), Oklahoma, chose a beaver holding in its hands... a cow patty as the symbol of the city.
And there is such a beaver right in the center of the city. When city residents are asked why the beaver is holding a cow pat? Residents answer with a smile, but take a walk for a couple of minutes along our streets and... you will understand! The picture above reads: “Welcome to Beaver, the Cowpat Capital of Oklahoma. The symbol of the city of Ulm, the sparrow, once, according to legend, helped the builders of the city. As the legend says, first the unlucky builders erected a gate to the city, then it became unclear how to carry logs through them for construction? While they were wondering, one noticed that the clever sparrow bird carried the straws sideways, and not across. The builders also began to carry logs through the gates not across, but sideways, and the city of Ulm was built! In Boston, USA, city residents erected a monument to this bird in the main park in gratitude for the fact that sparrows helped cope with a pest invasion when fields destroyed by caterpillars threatened people with starvation. Brontosaurus - symbol of Sak