City of Orel: population, description and attractions

Founded: 1566

City Day is celebrated
on August 5th
.

Historical city center

Eagle

is a Russian city, the center of the Oryol region, located on both sides of the Oka River and its tributary Orlik.

The city was founded in the 12th century, in the 15th century this territory was captured by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the inhabitants left the city.

In 1566

Ivan the Terrible's decree revives the fortress and the city. In 1605, Orel was captured by the troops of False Dmitry I. From 1607 to 1608, Orel was the residence of False Dmitry II.

In 1615 the city was destroyed by Polish troops, and only in 1636 it was restored. It was repeatedly attacked by the Crimean Tatars. Since the 17th century, Orel has been the center of grain trade along the Oka River. In the 18th century, the fortress lost its significance and was dismantled. The railway passed through the city in the second half of the 19th century, which stopped shipping on the Oka. Oryol is known for its frontier battles during the Civil War.

During the Great Patriotic War, on October 3, 1941, Orel was captured by Guderian's tank group. During the occupation, there was active underground activity here. The city was liberated during the Oryol strategic operation “Kutuzov” on August 5, 1943. On the same day, in honor of this victory, an artillery salute was given in Moscow - the first during the Great Patriotic War

. And on September 19, 1943, the first parade of partisan formations in the history of the Patriotic War took place in Orel.

For the courage, resilience and mass heroism shown by the city’s defenders in the struggle for freedom and independence of the Fatherland, by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of April 27, 2007 No. 560, the city of Orel was awarded the honorary title “City of Military Glory.”

Not without the symbol of the city - the proud eagle. Sculpture on the station square The biographies of many cultural figures are closely connected with the history of Orel. The city has museums of I. Turgenev, N. Andreev, N. Leskov, I. Bunin, A. Fet, M. Prishvin. In the post-war period, the city became a famous educational and industrial center.

Oryol is notable for its large number of well-preserved temples and other historical buildings. Orel is also interesting for its secret dungeons. The old part of the city is located on karst faults, and there were also quarries there. During the war, the dungeons were actively used by partisans. Now, although they are fraught with many dangers, they attract adventure lovers.

About 303 thousand people live in Orel (2020).

Citizens celebrate City Day

August 5, it coincides with the Day of Liberation of Orel from the Nazis.

Climatic conditions

Eagle is located in the forest-steppe zone. The city is located in the center of the Central Russian Upland.

The climate in Orel is moderate continental. Autumn weather persists until mid-September - the fallen snow does not remain for a long time.

Sometimes it rains until early January. Then snow falls and lasts until the end of March. Spring is capricious, windy and dirty.

In summer, the weather can change several times a day. A cool, gloomy morning gives way to a hot afternoon, and in the evening it begins to rain. The hottest month is July.

Temperature by month

Must-see sites

1. Lenin Street. This is the main street of the city, and it is pedestrian, so you can walk along it calmly. While walking you can see very interesting buildings, beautiful architecture, and visit numerous cafes. There is a park adjacent to the street.
2. Central park of the city of Orel. Harmony always reigns here. This place is loved not only by tourists, but also by the local residents of the city. There are always a lot of people in the park, but this does not spoil the atmosphere of calm and tranquility.
3. Walk on a river bus. Anyone will be interested in looking at local species, especially since they will leave few people indifferent.
4. Theater "Russian Style". The spectator is at the epicenter of the events, the hall has a capacity of 50 seats, so it is very difficult to get to the performance. It is best to book your tickets before arriving.
5. Cathedral of the Archangel Michael (Assumption). The temple surprises with its beauty.

The city has several beaches, but due to active river transport, the water is polluted. It is not advisable to swim here, but you can sunbathe, because the beaches are well-maintained and have everything you need for relaxation. Oryol is a unique city, unlike others, a place worth visiting and relaxing in your soul.

The indigenous population of Orel tirelessly cares about its development and well-being.

Ecology of the city

Orel is a city with a large number of squares, boulevards and park areas. The May drought had an adverse effect on the trees - their appearance noticeably deteriorated. Therefore, every year all diseased plants are carefully uprooted and replaced with young ones.

In spring and autumn there is an active fight against harmful insects.

The main problem of urban ecology is illegal cutting of trees. This is happening against the background of active construction of the city.

The Orlik and Oka rivers are the main sources of drinking water. According to experts, its quality is not the best. In 1/3 of all water bodies in the city, the water has an unhealthy tint and does not meet sanitary standards.

A little history

The city was founded during the reign of Ivan the Terrible. Therefore, it is not difficult to calculate how old he is. Orel was built in the form of a powerful fortress, which was supposed to protect the border from foreigners. Over time, it turned out that the land here is very fertile. After some time, the population of the city of Orel began to increase rapidly. It began to be populated not only by the military, but also by nobles who contributed to the development of agriculture.

But besides all these functional purposes and advantages, Oryol turned out to be a very picturesque city. Nature was practically untouched; incredible landscapes surrounded this place. It was hard not to fall in love with these lands; many came here to admire the beauty of nature. And it is not at all surprising that thanks to the contemplation of this beauty, a large number of writers, poets and artists appeared. Thanks to such rapid development, Orel has become an indispensable unit of the country.

Districts and real estate

Oryol is divided into four districts:

• Northern;
• Factory;
• Railway;
• Soviet.

The largest district of the city is Zavodskoy. There are a large number of factories located on its territory.

Apartment prices

Approximate real estate prices look like this:

Price of an apartment in Orel

• 1-room — 2,000,000 rub.
• 2-room - 2,100,000 rub.
• 3-room — 6,200,000 rub.

House prices

You can buy a house both within the city and in one of the cottage villages. They are located around the Eagle. The most popular villages are “Usadba Obraztsovo”, “Suburbia” and “Nightingale Grove”.

The cost of the house varies from 2,080,000 to 4,500,000 rubles.

Orel - the city of inspiration

There are a large number of house museums throughout the city. The city of Orel is permeated with an incredible atmosphere of creativity. Its population was not only ordinary citizens. It was here that Bunin, Fet, Granovsky and Turgenev lived and worked. In addition to writers and historians, famous sculptors and artists were born here. Galleries and museums are dedicated to the work of these people, which are also worth visiting.

Residents of the city love a slow life and various types of walks. All conditions have been created for this here. The ideal place to spend free time is the “Noble Nest”. Another cozy place is the Turgenev gazebos. If a tourist is looking for peace and quiet, then he simply must visit the Oka and Orlik Spit. There are not many people here, so you can calmly enjoy relaxation and silence.

Oryol is also famous for its unusual architectural elements. The city's population is proud of its sculptures, one of which is an eagle created from wire and straw. But the residents did not stop there, and soon a whole series of similar works appeared. So the world saw a bear made of grass and so on. Despite all the difficulties it had to go through, the city retained its identity. Now it is a large industrial center.

Utility costs

From July 1, 2022, the cost of utilities in Orel has increased. Now prices for housing and communal services look like this:

• Electricity supply - 3.62 rubles/kWh.
• Water supply - 15.81 rubles/m³.
• Water disposal - 13.19 rubles/m³.
• Heating - 1804.18 rubles/Gcal.
• Hot water - 118.47 rubles/m³.

On average, Oryol residents pay up to 4,000 rubles/month for housing and communal services. The final amount is influenced by factors such as the area of ​​the apartment and electrical energy consumption.

Recently, a housing and communal services reform was carried out, which caused discontent among city residents. Now part of the common house debt is added to the monthly amount.

If the house is inhabited by persistent defaulters who are in debt to the state, then the corresponding amount is distributed among the neighbors.

Attractions

Oryol is rich in sights. The population of the city worked tirelessly to create the unique atmosphere that reigns here today. There really is something to see in the city. It will not be possible to visit all the sights in a few days. First of all, you need to visit the Nikolo-Peskovskaya Church, the Archangel Michael and the Fomichevs’ house. These are old buildings from 1795, they are built of brick, incredibly beautiful, everyone should see them if possible. Some of these buildings house educational institutions that have their own famous alumni.

The surprising thing is that the appearance of the buildings has not been changed since their construction; they were preserved in their original form. These buildings were taken under state protection and are architectural monuments. To the surprise of everyone, not a single educational institution was closed or moved to another building. The city of Orel is famous for such establishments. The city's population also consists of students who have the opportunity to study in historically significant places.

The city of Orel has become a kind of cradle for famous people. Many of them were able to make a significant contribution to the history of the Russian state.

Cost of products

Product prices in 2022 look like this:

Cost of fresh fruits and vegetables in Orel

• Sugar - 40 rubles/kg.
• Flour - 40 rubles/kg.
• Potatoes - 37 rubles/kg.
• Beef - 400 rub./kg.
• Eggs - 40 rub./10 pieces.
• Apples - 100 rub./kg.
• Milk - 40 rubles/l.
• Bread - 20 rubles/loaf.
• Fish - 200 rub./kg.

Urban transport

You can get from one end of Orel to the other within an hour. The following types of transport run around the city:

• buses;
• minibuses;
• trams;
• trolleybuses.

Most city residents prefer to travel by minibuses.

The city bus depot is in poor condition. There are two old buses running around Orel. They have to wait for several hours.

Population

The city of Orel is a native Russian city. This is where 95% of people of Russian nationality live. But citizens of other countries also fell in love with this region and decided to settle here. Over the past few years, the population of Orel (the number of Russians) has begun to decline. And at the moment, 5% of the total population is made up of other nationalities. This 5% includes Ukrainians, Chechens, Belarusians and others. The total population for 2016 is about 319 thousand inhabitants.

The total area of ​​the city is 122 square meters. km. There are about 2,650 people per square kilometer.

It cannot be said that all 4 regional centers are populated evenly. For example, the population in the Zavodskoy district is about 110,000 people, and in the Zheleznodorozhny district there are about 65,000 residents. The Soviet district became home to 82,000 citizens, the Northern region accommodated 68,000 people.

Unfortunately, in recent years, population migration has been acutely felt in Orel. In addition, the death rate in the city is increasingly exceeding the birth rate. The growth/loss today is only 5%. First of all, this indicator is influenced by mass divorces, and therefore the birth rate decreases. The younger generation tends to move to more promising cities, which is why the number of elderly people predominates in Orel.

Some analysts are inclined to argue that Orel today is in a real demographic hole.

But these are just numbers that, although they show facts, still cannot tell the full story about the population of this amazing city.

Orel is a city of students. There are many educational institutions located here. Young people from different countries receive education here. The only pity is that after this they all strive to leave the city as quickly as possible. Very few young specialists stay in Orel. The main professions are economics, computer technology, foreign languages ​​and jurisprudence.

The population of Orel mostly consists of intelligent people with higher education.

Most Popular Industries

The most in demand is production. Other popular industries include the following:

• Trade, sales.
• Engineering.
• Medicine, pharmaceuticals.
• Construction.
• Transport, car service.

Where to look for work

Orel's largest employers

The highest paid specialties

The salaries of people whose jobs are considered the highest paying look like this:

• Welder NAKS - 97,000 rubles/month.
• Driver category "E" - 85,000 rubles/month.
• Argon welder - RUR 74,000/month.
• Carousel turner - 71,500 rub./month.
• Operator-adjuster - 68,500 rub./month.
• Machine operator - 66,750 rub./month.
• CNC adjuster - RUR 64,250/month.
• Turner-borer - 64,000 rubles/month.
• Crane operator - 60,000 rubles/month.
• Semi-automatic welder - 60,000 rubles/month.

Is it worth moving?

Is it worth it to move to Orel for permanent residence? Orel is a small provincial town, it has its pros and cons.

It is quite difficult for representatives of humanitarian and creative professions to find work. Workers and engineers are highly valued here.

Orel is neither an industrial center nor a resort. But this place is perfect for a secluded, measured life.

You can most often meet children and pensioners on the streets. There are few young people, although there are a number of universities in the city.

There are many schools, but there are huge queues at kindergartens. It is impossible to place a child there without an “additional payment.”

Higher education can be obtained at the following universities:

• Russian Academy of National Economy.
• Oryol State University.
• Law University.
• Agrarian University.
• University of Culture and Arts.

Advantages and disadvantages of the city of Orel

Negative reviews about the city

Below are real reviews from people who moved.

Anton : “Orel is a city of trade. The industry was well developed under the USSR, but now it is clearly going through difficult times. The standard of living is acceptable for the province, but many work two or three jobs.

Many have loans, mortgages, debts - they live beyond their means. The average salary in Orel is about 15,000. Most people work outside their specialty.

Those who are smarter and more capable try to get out of here in order to realize themselves. The rest do not live, but survive.

The quality of goods and products varies greatly. On the market you can mainly find both Chinese and domestic products.

Factories are gradually dying out. I don’t know what this is connected with, the general crisis or the wrong actions of local authorities.”

Maxim : “I’m not delighted with life in Orel. I’m looking forward to the end of my contract with the company, after which I’ll move to St. Petersburg.

The main advantages of the city: mild climate and beautiful nature. I don't like anything else here.

The city seems miserable and depressing. Medicine is in a stagnant state; the X-ray room in the state clinic looks more like a torture chamber. In general, getting sick in Orel is difficult. There are huge queues at clinics, and there are always not enough coupons.

People are rude and kind of tired. However, I don't blame them.

Another significant disadvantage is the terrible “gas attack” coming from old, unkempt cars. Monstrous exhaust emissions make life difficult and do not contribute to improving the environment in the city.

There is little work, or rather, practically none. Locals try to go to work on a rotational basis in Moscow or the North. There are often traffic jams on the way out of the city. There is a problem with purchasing travel tickets.”

Watch a video about the city of Orel.

Positive reviews about the city

Alisa : “Having lived in Smolensk for almost 10 years, I am sincerely convinced that Orel is a calm, cozy city. Life here is very measured and stable.

Main advantages: the city is relatively clean, there are many historical places. The Oka River is very beautiful. And, in general, nature here is beautiful with a calm, poetic beauty.

The eagle may seem too calm to many. There are very few cafes and pizzerias in the city, and there is not much entertainment.”

Margarita : “It’s a nice, quiet city. Of course, young people are bored here. It's probably good here only for pensioners and children.

I live here recently, I came from Moscow precisely for the long-awaited silence. I was lucky to buy a home in a residential area. I like everything here.

The streets are cleaned, very clean, the city is quite green. There are many parks and squares. There is a theater where good plays are staged.

The climate is mild, very cold and very hot rarely.”

Industrial development

Initially, the population of the city of Orel consisted mainly of military personnel who faithfully served Russia, protecting the border from raids by Tatar troops. The city is located on the banks of the Oka River. Soon Orel became the center of infrastructure. Since the area is quite favorable, various plant crops grow well in these places. Therefore, it was here that most bread was produced, and the first sailing manufactories and spinning mills were opened. At that time, the population of Orel worked in light industry factories, thereby making an invaluable contribution to the development of the entire country.