City portal of the municipal formation "Aniva City District"

The city is more than 100 years old. Once upon a time it was a small village called Lutoga. Harsh Russian settlers built it back in 1886. Before them, local residents, the indigenous Ainu people, lived here for many centuries. They raised livestock, fished in the sea, hunted sea animals and cultivated the land. Translated from the Ainu language, the name of the city Aniva means “village near the ridge.” There is another version of the translation - “road to the sea coast”. Most likely, this translation refers to the Lyutoga River, near which the settlement is located. Many geographical names of the Aniva coast in their original version were formed precisely from the Ainu language.

Many peoples showed interest in the coast of Aniva Bay. The Japanese neighbors visited the islands with an expedition back in the 18th century. Over time, other nationalities began to appear on Aniva Bay, the southern part of Sakhalin Island. The area is rich in fish and marine animals, which greatly attracted fishermen and hunters. The island was not spared by Europeans either. The Dutch were the first to visit in 1643. Russian explorers arrived only in 1805. Already in 1806, local Ainu received Russian citizenship. However, Sakhalin Island finally became Russian only in 1853, when Russia began to develop the lands of the Amur and Primorye regions. Over the years, Aniva in the Sakhalin region has changed its name. After Lutoga, when the settlement was taken over by the Japanese in 1905 as a result of the war with Japan, it became Rudaka. During the Japanese occupation, the area gradually developed: settlers from the Land of the Rising Sun received Sakhalin lands for rent. In 1945, the small town again came under the wing of the Soviet Union and initially became a regional center. Until 1946 he was still Rudaka. Then it was renamed again: in honor of the bay on the shore of which the city stands, it began to be called Aniva. During Soviet times, this beautiful city at the end of the world experienced its heyday. The people built fish hatcheries, logging stations, workshops, smokehouses, and a dairy and butter factory. They built fish processing plants and a canning factory on the coast. There was a small port at the mouth of the Lyutoga River. Now it is a modern city with the romantic name Aniva in the southern Sakhalin part of the island.

The city of Aniva on Sakhalin. Location, infrastructure

Aniva is located 37 kilometers from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk on the southern part of Sakhalin Island. The city is comfortably located at the confluence of the wide and deep Lyutoga into Salmon Bay, in the swampy lowland of the Susunay valley. It is part of the Aniva urban district as the administrative center of the Sakhalin region.

To get to the city from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk according to the Aniva - Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk bus schedule, you need to wait for route 111. It starts moving from the bus station in the morning at 6:20 am. Travel time, as indicated in the route 111 schedule, is just over an hour. The map of Aniva and the Aniva timetable show that the city has a developed road network. Highways connect it with the federal highway A-392. Once upon a time the city had its own railway station. Due to the liquidation and dismantling of the branch line that went to Dachnoye, the station was also removed. Now we can only hope for the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk - Aniva bus. The exact traffic pattern in the city of Aniva and the bus schedule can be viewed by going to the website of the administration of the Aniva urban district.

Story

Founded in 1886 as the village of Lutoga

.
The name is translated from the Ainu language as “road to the seashore”.
In 1905, according to the Treaty of Portsmouth, together with the entire territory of the island.
Sakhalin south of the 50th parallel went to Japan and received the name Rutaka
(Japanese 留多加) (from Ainsk
rut
- “sea ice” and
aka
,
akka
- “water”).
In 1945, after the return of the Sakhalin territories - again as part of Russia. In 1946 it received the status of a city and the name Aniva (after the bay on the shore of which it is located)[3]. Aniva
The climate is cold and temperate. The average annual precipitation is 811 mm. The least precipitation falls in May, with an average of about 34 mm, and the most in September, with an average of about 105 mm. August is the warmest month of the year, with an average temperature of 17.1 °C, and the coldest month is January, with an average temperature of -11.6 °C.

Aniva

Weather conditions in Aniva, Sakhalin region

The Aniva website has detailed information regarding weather conditions in the city and within the urban district. However, the weather in Aniva is quite unstable and capricious, like throughout Sakhalin, but relatively mild. The climate here is moderately cold. Even in the driest months there is a large amount of rainfall. Meteorologists observe the maximum number in August, and the minimum in March. In summer, the temperature stays between 17-19°C above zero, and in winter it drops to 16°C below zero. The city of Aniva, an area that attracts with natural beauty. All around are deciduous forests, fog over the city, seagulls. Life here is leisurely and quiet.

The city of Aniva on Sakhalin is located literally on the bay of the same name, surrounded by high cliffs with dangerous cliffs. On a geographical map, the outlines of the bay are associated with the mouth of a huge sea fish, which they say Sakhalin Island looks like from a bird's eye view. The depth reaches 93 m, the width is more than 100 km, and the length along the coastline reaches 90 km. The narrowest part in the northern part is called Salmon Bay. On the beautiful Aniva Bay, many photos of which can be found on the Internet, interesting natural phenomena occur. For the natives of the sea coast, of course, they are familiar. Locals even take into account the high and low times of Aniva in their personal plans. And visiting tourists during low tide on Aniva Bay love to collect unusual shells. At this time, the water goes into the sea 500-800 meters ahead, exposing a sandy-muddy or sandy bottom. During the spring low tide, seaweed often remains on it, and starfish can sometimes get stuck. There is a special tide map for Aniva Bay. It shows in the form of graphs and diagrams the exact time when the high and low tides of Aniva occur. Information is especially necessary for fishermen, hunters, and tourists. The atlas of tides in Aniva Bay contains tables for calculating the time and height of the tide.

Specifications

The 31-meter-high navigation structure is a nine-story concrete tower with a side extension. In the center of the tower was a huge pipe with a heavy pendulum, which had to be wound every three hours for the lighting mechanism to work. The focal length of the lens on the lighthouse was 500 mm, and the diameter was 1000 mm. There was also a nautofon, a special device for emitting high-pitched sounds, the height of the light was 40 meters above sea level, and the range was 28.16 km (17.5 miles).

The structure is still considered one of the most complex in world lighthouse construction.

Population of the city of Aniva, Sakhalin region

The southern part of Sakhalin Island is more populated than its other parts. There are two cities here: the city of Korsakov and the city of Aniva (Aniva urban district). The latter, according to the latest census, has more than 9.5 thousand inhabitants. The postal code of Aniva is 694030. The main activity is fishing. People are employed in the food industry, pink salmon and chum salmon production. There are mechanical forestry and construction enterprises. Natural gas is produced.

The Aniva urban district has a developed transport network. All information on the direction Aniva - Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, as well as the bus schedule, is available on the Aniva official website.

The small town of Aniva, there is more than one school for such a large population. Two secondary educational institutions, a gymnasium, an art school, and a children's creativity center. They employ the best teachers of the Sakhalin region, who received awards from the President of Russia. School No. 2 received a million rubles for the active implementation of innovative programs. All schools are united into a comprehensive information educational system, the Network City of Aniva and the Aniva City District. There are two city libraries in the city.

Lighthouse inside

The building inside is quite spacious. On the lower, ground floor there was a diesel and battery room. The extension and the first floor were occupied by a kitchen and a food warehouse.

On the second floor there was a radio room, a watch room and a control room. Next, three floors were occupied by living rooms for 12 people, they had round porthole windows, bunk beds and shelves for personal belongings. There was a storage room on the sixth floor, and the siren mechanisms on the seventh. On the top two floors there was a fuel warehouse and a rotation mechanism. The workers had no problems with water and heating; they were installed as in ordinary apartments; light came mainly through the windows, but there was also electricity in the tower (from batteries). The building also included a toilet and a bathhouse. All nine floors were connected by a spiral staircase.

NOTE! When visiting the basement floor, be careful, there is a possibility of falling into one of the cracks in the floor.

Sights of the wonderful city of Aniva

Who among the locals has not heard stories about an abandoned lighthouse? This Aniva lighthouse on Sakhalin is the main attraction in the entire area. It belongs neither to the Russians nor to the Japanese. The project of its creation belongs to a Japanese architect. The decision to build a lighthouse came because of the dramatic sinking of a ship from Germany in 1898. They built it long and painfully over 7 years. His appearance at Cape Aniva helped illuminate the inaccessible and dangerous coastline. The history of the lighthouse is divided into before and after. Initially it was powered by a diesel generator. During Soviet times, it was switched to powered by nuclear energy. After the USSR was destroyed, no one needed the naval structure. It was simply plundered. Now the lighthouse is abandoned, its owners are huge flocks of seabirds. It rises on Cape Aniva, it is very difficult to get to it and only in good weather. The rocky coast leaves no chance for the ship when a storm rages here. The lighthouse stands proudly on Cape Aniva, surrounded by rocks. In the thick fog it even resembles a ghost. Only extreme tourists come here.

Another attraction of the Sakhalin region and the Aniva urban district is the monument to the Japanese who lived on Sakhalin. This sculpture is located on Lenin Street in Aniva. According to the inscription on the back of the memorial, it was erected in the name of peace on the Aniva land.

In the vicinity of the city of Aniva and the Aniva urban district, you can find many more interesting places. The Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk mud volcano is located 18 km from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. Brackish mud and gas periodically erupt from the volcano's crater. The composition of the mud has not yet been sufficiently studied, so it is not recommended for use as therapeutic mud.

Devil's Bridge - a railway structure built by the Japanese, is the highest on Sakhalin Island. From a height of 41 meters, the bridge offers an amazing panorama of island nature. To get to the unique bridge, you need to get to Nikolaychuk station, and then the journey can only be continued on foot, or in winter - on skis. The object is included in the list of monuments that are under the protection of UNESCO.

Not far from Aniva on Sakhalin there is a salt lake Tunaicha. It is unique in that rare species of plants and animals grow and live here. Salmon species spawn in the lake. The place is carefully and carefully guarded.

Interesting Facts

The former navigation structure is a mysterious and mysterious place. Guides and island residents often tell tourists interesting facts about the Aniva lighthouse, and also introduce them to local stories:

• there is a legend that says that the lights of the lighthouse call upon the souls of dead sailors every night;
• in 1971, an accident occurred in the tower, resulting in the death of two workers;
• From 1939 to 1946 the building was called Nakashiretoko.

THIS IS INTERESTING! On the 75th anniversary of the victory in the Second World War, residents of Vladivostok lit a signal fire for one night using a lantern.

Where to stay on holiday in Aniva on Sakhalin

Guests of the city of Aniva and the Aniva urban district can stay in mini-hotels, hostels or stay in one of the Aniva hotels. More detailed information about them can be found on Internet sites or city forums of the city of Aniva.

The hotel in Aniva in the Sakhalin region should not be confused with the Aniva hotel-park in Noginsk. It is located near Moscow along the Gorkovskoye Highway, 50 kilometers from the capital. It is surrounded by a mixed forest with a clear forest lake. The territory of Aniva Park is 15 hectares with cozy and comfortable recreation areas for adults and children. The hotel provides a chic, countryside setting. In summer there is a beach, entertainment events, catamarans, bicycles, in winter there is skiing, a sauna and much more.

Radio stations

• Autoradio - 531 SV - (broadcasting from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk)
• Sakhalin Chanson (Troitskoye) - 88.0
• Retro FM - 88.3 - (broadcasting from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk)
• Radio Record - 88.9 - (broadcasting from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk)
• Russian radio - 89.9 - (broadcasting from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk)
• Radio Chanson - 101.7 - (broadcasting from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk)
• Europe plus - 102.5 - (broadcasting from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk)
• Radio Mayak - 103.5 - (broadcasting from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk)
• Love Radio - 104.4 - (broadcasting from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk)
• Radio 105.5 - 105.5 - (broadcasting from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk)
• Radio Russia - 106.0 - (broadcasting from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk)
• Road radio - 106.5 - (broadcasting from Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk)

Notes

1. ↑ 12
   The permanent population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2022 (Russian). Retrieved April 27, 2022. Archived May 2, 2022.
2. Great Russian Encyclopedia: In 30 volumes / Chairman of scientific editor. Council Yu. S. Osipov. Rep. edited by S. L. Kravets. T. 1. A - Questioning. - M.: Great Russian Encyclopedia, 2005. - 766 p.: ill.: map.
3. K. M. Braslavets.
   History in the names on the map of the Sakhalin region. - Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk: Far Eastern Book Publishing House, 1983. - P. 10. - 144 p. — 10,000 copies.
4. Administration of the governorate of Karafuto.
   1925 Census Results: Households and Population. - Toyohara, 1926. - pp. 18-27. — 30 ​​s.
5. Administration of the governorate of Karafuto.
   1935 Census Results: Households and Population. - Toyohara, 1936. - pp. 15-19. — 25 s.
6. All-Union Population Census of 1959. The size of the urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by gender (Russian). Demoscope Weekly. Access date: September 25, 2013. Archived April 28, 2013.
7. All-Union Population Census of 1970 The size of the urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by gender. (Russian). Demoscope Weekly. Access date: September 25, 2013. Archived April 28, 2013.
8. All-Union Population Census of 1979 The size of the urban population of the RSFSR, its territorial units, urban settlements and urban areas by gender. (Russian). Demoscope Weekly. Access date: September 25, 2013. Archived April 28, 2013.
9. All-Union population census of 1989. Urban population (undefined)
   . Archived from the original on August 22, 2011.
10. ↑ 12345678
    People's encyclopedia "My City". Aniva (city)
11. All-Russian population census 2002. Volume. 1, table 4. Population of Russia, federal districts, constituent entities of the Russian Federation, districts, urban settlements, rural settlements - regional centers and rural settlements with a population of 3 thousand or more (unspecified)
    . Archived from the original on February 3, 2012.
12. The size of the permanent population of the Russian Federation by cities, urban settlements and regions as of January 1, 2009 (unspecified)
    . Retrieved January 2, 2014. Archived January 2, 2014.
13. All-Russian population census 2010. Sakhalin region. Population of urban districts, municipal districts, urban and rural settlements, urban settlements, rural settlements (undefined)
    . Retrieved July 28, 2014. Archived July 28, 2014.
14. Sakhalin region. Estimated resident population as of January 1, 2011-2016
15. Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities. Table 35. Estimated resident population as of January 1, 2012 (unspecified)
    . Retrieved May 31, 2014. Archived May 31, 2014.
16. Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2013. - M.: Federal State Statistics Service Rosstat, 2013. - 528 p. (Table 33. Population of urban districts, municipal districts, urban and rural settlements, urban settlements, rural settlements) (undefined)
    . Retrieved November 16, 2013. Archived November 16, 2013.
17. Table 33. Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2014 (unspecified)
    . Access date: August 2, 2014. Archived August 2, 2014.
18. Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2015 (unspecified)
    . Access date: August 6, 2015. Archived August 6, 2015.
19. Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2016 (Russian) (October 5, 2018). Retrieved May 15, 2022. Archived May 8, 2022.
20. Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2022 (Russian) (July 31, 2017). Retrieved July 31, 2022. Archived July 31, 2022.
21. Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2022 (Russian). Retrieved July 25, 2018. Archived July 26, 2022.
22. Estimated population by municipalities as of 01/01/2019 and the annual average for 2018 (unspecified)
    . Territorial body of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Sakhalin Region (April 22, 2019). Retrieved April 25, 2022. Archived April 25, 2022.
23. Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2022 (Russian). Date accessed: October 17, 2022. Archived October 17, 2022.
24. taking into account the cities of Crimea
25. https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/bul_Chislen_nasel_MO-01-01-2021.rar Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2022 (1.85 Mb, 07/30/2021)
26. Structure of the Aniva Library
27. Schools in Russia - Sakhalin region, Aniva district, Aniva (unspecified)
    (inaccessible link). Access date: February 20, 2011. Archived March 6, 2016.
28. “The city of my love (undefined)
    (inaccessible link -
    history
    ).”