Many of us want to get acquainted with the history of other cities and their memorable places. But most people simply don’t have time for this. After all, the road, excursions and vacations can drag on for a long time. But why go far? You can take a day and go to the nearest city in your region.
This article is intended for Muscovites. Very close to the capital is the beautiful city of Korolev, the sights of which we will look at. Various sightseeing tours and tours of memorable places are quite popular here. So, let's find out what this city is famous for and look at the sights of the city of Korolev in the Moscow region.
The first thing S. Korolev is associated with is rockets, the first flight into space, Gagarin. But there is also a city in the Moscow region that bears the name of the great scientist and designer.
Story
In the twelfth century, several villages of Slavic tribes were located on the territory of the settlement, scattered along the banks of the Klyazma River. It is believed that in this area there was an ancient trade route connecting the principalities of Moscow and Vladimir-Suzdal. At the beginning of the eighteenth century, one of the first industrial enterprises in Russia was launched in this place - a manufactory producing linen and cloth. In 1918, the Ordnance Plant from Petrograd was moved to the territory of the Podlipki holiday village.
Podlipki appeared as a holiday village at the end of the century before last, after which the name changed three more times: in the twenty-eighth year of the last century - the village of Kalininsky, in the thirty-eighth year - the city of Kaliningrad. And in 1996, in honor of the general designer of rocket and space systems S.P. Korolev, it was renamed the city of Korolev. Its attractions are closely related to the history of the name.
The structure of Kaliningrad includes two more settlements - Bolshevo and Kostino. They have an interesting history, which has become an integral part of the chronicle of Kaliningrad-Koroleva. For more than three hundred years, the Bolshevo land had the glory of an ancient center of weaving production. Even in the times of Peter the Great, canvas from Bolshevo was used to equip the nascent Russian fleet.
Kostino became known in the country and abroad for the presence of a labor commune for street children, which was organized in the twenty-fourth year of the twentieth century at the suggestion of “Iron” Felix.
Now let's move on to the main thing. Let's begin to describe the sights of Korolev.
Temples, churches
Korolev is a city in the Moscow region, on the map of which church historical sites are indicated, and is a place of attraction for believers living here and in the surrounding settlements.
Church of the Transfiguration
Built in the 19th century. in the village Bolshevo for the purpose of year-round worship. After the revolution, during the persecution of clergy in 1929, it was looted and closed. Later it was adapted for housing, and then the village administration was located in it.
The revival of the church began in 2003 with the transfer of the building to the Cosmo-Damian Church. Currently there is a Sunday school and an Orthodox library here. Glorified by the presence of 2 icons of the canonical martyr Nicholas II - the last sovereign of Russia.
Church of Cosmas and Damian
Located in microdistrict. Bolshevo, st. Stationnaya, 43. The year of foundation is considered to be 1585, when a wooden church was opened. Until 1786, it was rebuilt several times, but fell into disrepair and was replaced by a stone one. The church was repaired and completed.
A terrible year for the church in 1929 brought destruction and looting from local militant atheists. The interior decoration and bells were destroyed and destroyed. The walls of the temple remained intact. The parishioners did not resign themselves and began to fight for the restoration of worship, which was crowned with success.
On April 15, 1930, the temple opened its doors to believers. Particularly revered by parishioners are the particles of holy relics and the icon of Cosmas and Damian, the unmercenary saints and miracle workers of Ancient Rome.
Holy Trinity Church
One of the beautiful Orthodox churches of modern Russia is the Holy Trinity Church, built in the city in 2007 with donations from the population and enterprises. Located on the street. Gorky, 77. The majestic red-brick building is topped with 5 domes.
There is a bell tower nearby and flower beds near the church. Divine services are held daily, there is a library and a Sunday school. Several icons specially painted for the new temple are venerated. Water for rituals is taken from a local clean source.
Mission Control Center
The Mission Control Center was established in October 1960 in this town as a computer center that allows processing and analyzing information received from the first space devices.
At the present time, the Center is still functioning and carries out flight control of the department of the Russian part of the International Space Station, both manned vehicles and those operating in automatic mode.
MCC employees will help organize visits to the center for both Russian and foreign citizens. As you tour this Korolev landmark, you will visit the hall from which the laurel-crowned Mir orbital station has been operated for the past fifteen years. You will also be able to see the Main Mission Control Hall of the International Space Station, and most importantly, it is rare for anyone to be able to observe the work of managing the orbital complex in real time.
You will hear many different stories about the arrangement and activities of the Center, you will be able to watch fascinating videos about the life of astronauts in orbit, but nothing compares to the opportunity to observe in real time the control of the orbital station.
Space Technology Museum
The name of this attraction, Queen of the Moscow Region, speaks for itself. Here are exhibits that characterize the history of the creation of our rocket and space technology: from the original Soviet long-range ballistic missiles to the Energia launch vehicle and the Sea Launch strategic rocket and space complex, from early artificially created Earth satellites to pilot-controlled space transport ships of various modifications.
The museum is represented by a showroom, the Labor Glory Hall and the S.P. Korolev Memorial Room.
Theaters
Korolev, a city in the Moscow region, on the map of which there are few theatrical institutions, has its own creative teams that can delight and surprise audiences.
Theater of Young Spectators
The theater is located on the street. Kaliningradskaya, 12 and its repertoire is aimed at both children's audiences and performances for adult audiences.
The theater organizes the work of a theater studio in which they teach:
- mastery of stage performance (movement and speech);
- vocal skills;
- performance of songs from the folklore repertoire;
- knowledge of theater history.
Children studying in the studio take part in theater productions and music concerts. The capacity of the hall is up to 200 people. Ticket price from 400 rub.
Korolyovsky Drama Theater
In the period from 1924 to 2005. The People's Theater of Drama and Comedy operated in the city in Podlipki. The change of the main director in 2005 led to a radical reorganization of the cast and repertoire: the troupe was staffed with professionals and graduates of theater institutions, the performances were reoriented to world classics.
The theater group actively participates in international art festivals. The theater runs a school that teaches acting to everyone who wants to master it. The building is located on the street. Tereshkova, 1.
Exhibits
In the showroom of this Korolev landmark there is everything: rockets, satellites, and the whole history of domestic and Soviet rocket and space technology unfolds before your eyes.
The Hall of Labor Glory is history in the faces of those people who made it happen, but remained behind the scenes, the history of ordinary hard workers, without whom the plans of great scientists and designers would be very problematic to bring to life. Everything is present here: photographs, documentary sources, awards, souvenirs, etc.
The Memorial Room of S.P. Korolev depicts the life of a common man, everything that a common man needed in modern conditions to create.
In addition, visiting any Korolev attraction is not just an opportunity to touch history, it is a chance to observe it. Seeing and touching the device on which Yuri Gagarin returned home is something beyond words. And full-scale models of the original international orbital complex "Soyuz-Apollo" and the station located in orbit, "Salyut", with their similarity, provide an opportunity to touch the history of mankind.
A journey through the origins of astronautics
Of course, getting to know the city should start with unique places dedicated to astronautics.
Who wouldn't be interested in visiting a real space flight control center! It turns out that it is absolutely possible to visit the main hall of the center with a guide, get acquainted with the work of the employees, the organization of the complex’s activities, and films about the astronauts’ stay in space.
Mission Control Center
The museum at the Energia Rocket and Space Corporation contains the best exhibitions of space technology. Its opening date is 2008. It has a spacious showroom (1300 m2), which is lovingly called the Temple of Cosmonautics. Previously, it housed an assembly shop, but now it houses exhibits introducing the achievements in the annals of space:
- models of the first long-range ballistic missiles and artificial Earth satellites;
- modern models of spaceships;
- landers of Gagarin, Leonov, Tereshkova;
- the Voskhod-2 multi-seat vehicle, which was used by Leonov for spacewalks;
- ejection seat of the Vostok ship;
- life-size models of the Salyut, Mir and Soyuz-Apollo orbital complexes.
In the museum you can see the automatic interplanetary station “Luna-9”. Korolev did not live only twenty days before the spacecraft landed on the Moon. But the memory of him remains.
Demonstration hall of RSC Energia
The museum has two more rooms:
- The Labor Glory Hall displays the department's chronicle. It is interesting to read the names of all the managers and specialists who have contributed to the development of the industry. There are also many stands with rare documents, photos, awards telling about the history of the institution.
- The Memory Hall is Korolev’s memorial office (250 m2), which has preserved the entire interior decoration of the great designer’s workroom. All things that belonged to him, valuable papers, photographs were left in the places that were with him. The clock is suspended at the time of his death. Using the phone on the table, Sergei Pavlovich called Khrushchev, dialing only 4 digits. At the kiosk at the museum you can buy memorable souvenirs: pennants, badges, space-themed emblems, books.
Pre-registration is required to visit the museum. The excursion is carried out for groups of 20 to 60 people, for foreign citizens - from 10 people. Children are allowed into the museum from the age of 14. Upon entry, adults must present a passport, and children must present a birth certificate.
Location of the museum: Lenin Street, building 4A (on the territory of the RSC Energia enterprise).
At the entrance to the city from the Yaroslavl highway, a monument “To the Creators of Space Technology” was erected.
A walk along the central Korolev Avenue is combined with a visit to the monument to the founder of practical cosmonautics. He was a very purposeful person with a life credo: “The goal of life is to reach the stars!” This desire of his is captured in a full-length sculpture, striving upward.
Monument to an outstanding scientist and design engineer
On the square near the Kalinin Palace of Culture there is another sculptural composition - Korolev sitting on a bench with Yuri Gagarin. The monument is based on a famous photograph from 1961, which captured them after Gagarin’s flight into space.
Monument to S.P. Korolev and Yu.A. Gagarin
The place was chosen for a reason. The views of both heroes are directed directly at the first territory of RSC Energia - Korolev’s place of work. Near the monument there is a park for the Conquerors of Space.
It is worth mentioning another popular place with a space theme - the monument to the first artificial earth satellite at the intersection of Cosmonauts Avenue and Isaev Street.
The monument was opened in 2007 in memory of the 50th anniversary of the launch of the first artificial satellite.
A metal satellite made of aluminum, stainless steel, and gold leaf is placed on a 14-meter boom made of granite. The base looks like a globe. Its diameter is 10 meters.
Royal History Museum
Be sure to visit the Royal History Museum. In it you will find models of flying equipment, cars from the Great Patriotic War, prototypes of combat missiles, artillery pieces, various photographs and documents.
The museum also tells the story of the contribution of the residents of the city of Korolev to the development of defense and science. The exhibits tell about the life of summer residents at the beginning of the last century, who went through the Civil and Great Patriotic Wars. The rocket and space time of the city's development is represented by models of various military rockets, spacecraft and ships.
Memorial House-Museum of S. N. Durylin
The Historical House-Museum of S. N. Durylin is a museum of all-Russian educational significance. Sergei Nikolaevich Durylin is a writer, theatrical and literary “critic” (as he called himself) of the first half of the last century.
His house in Bolshevo was built at the beginning of the twentieth century, the basis of which was the surviving remains of the destroyed Strastnoy Monastery. Durylin collected an amazing collection of icons from the 17th - early 20th centuries, as well as works by K. Malevich, R. R. Falk, M. A. Voloshin, V. D. Polenov, K. F. Bagaevsky, L. O. Pasternak and others. His House Museum contains photographs and personal belongings of B. L. Pasternak, S. T. Richter, N. D. Teleshev, as well as servants of the Maly, Bolshoi and Art Theaters. So here you will not just enrich yourself culturally, but also discover many interesting facts.
Marina Tsvetaeva Museum
Well, the most magnificent from a cultural point of view is an extraordinary museum of its kind, dedicated to the work of the talented Russian poetess Marina Tsvetaeva. This museum is known not only in Russia, but also far beyond its borders.
It was located in the village of Bolshevo, where the poetess lived in the first days after emigration. The most important fragments of the museum collection are memorial items that belonged to the Tsvetaeva-Efron family. In addition, among the exhibits of the house-museum you will see paintings by Y. Zhudro, V. Cleroy, G. Zaitsev, autographs of Tsvetaeva’s famous compatriots - N. Mandelstam, B. L. Pasternak, L. Libedinskaya, M. I. Belkina and others, as well as things that once belonged to A. S. Efron and S. Ya. Efron, M. A. Voloshin, B. L. Pasternak.
The Marina Tsvetaeva Museum is not only exhibits associated with the priceless past, but also a meeting place for people of the creative intelligentsia, organizing interesting exhibitions and traditional Tsvetaeva readings.
Museums are the most significant attractions of the city of Korolev, Moscow region.
Parks, squares
The administration of the city of Korolev pays great attention to the development of park areas and public gardens within the boundaries of the settlement, which have enjoyed constant popularity among citizens for many years.
Losiny Ostrov National Park
The large national park “Losiny Ostrov” (an area of about 12 thousand hectares) is located between Moscow and several cities near Moscow (Mytishchi, Korolev, Balashikha and Shchelkovo), forming a forest wedged between the 2nd highway (Yaroslavsky and Shchelkovsky).
The park is home to mammals (48 species), birds (more than 200 species) and reptiles; many different plants grow (about 1 thousand species); There are beautiful natural lakes.
The ecological centers of the park are:
- “Russian Life” and “Abramtsevo” (Losiny Ostrov massif);
- “Tea drinking in Mytishchi” (forest park of the same name);
- "Red Pine" (children's education center);
- “Ancient Russian Hunting” (museum complex);
- environmental center for children;
- arboretum.
These centers carry out educational and historical work, telling visitors about the history of the reserve, national traditions and Russian hunting, the animal world of forests and lakes; They conduct themed games and horseback riding excursions. You can visit the park freely.
Square "Conquerors of Space"
Spread in front of the central city palace of culture. The square was opened in 2012 to commemorate the 55th anniversary of the flight of the first artificial Earth satellite. Local residents equipped and landscaped the area.
More than 100 trees of various species were planted here, walking paths were laid and many benches were installed.
Marina Tsvetaeva Park
On the street In 2013, M. Tsvetaeva opened a modest-sized park dedicated to the famous poetess to the public. On the territory you can find many stones on which tablets with poems are attached. A summer amphitheater is equipped for street performances. Parents with children love to visit the interesting playground. Every year on June 19, a large bonfire is held in the park in honor of the poetess.
Central City Park named after. M.I. Kalinina
The formation of the city's park area dates back to the late 30s of the last century. At that time, alleys and recreation areas were not developed on the territory of the green urban area. The townspeople used naturally formed paths and clearings. During the war years, the park's trees were cut down for heating purposes. Since 1948, a new history of the city's recreation area begins.
The restoration is proceeding according to plan with the formation of:
- alleys;
- pedestrian paths;
- park infrastructure objects (pavilions, stages, platforms, sculptures);
- decorative decorations (lanterns and flower beds);
- places for benches.
Local residents enthusiastically took part in the development of the park area. After opening in 1950, the park quickly became a favorite place for recreation and entertainment for city residents. Gradually, various attractions were installed on the territory, concerts and films, music and dance evenings were organized, and a ski track was laid in the winter.
For a long time (until 1994), the park infrastructure was sponsored by local industrial enterprises. Then, until 2016, the park was on the balance sheet of the municipality and gradually fell into disrepair due to the lack of normal funding. Currently, active work is being carried out to restore and improve the city’s central park.
Kostino Park
Located at: st. Dzerzhinsky, 26. The history of the park begins in 1962, when, on the initiative of youth organizations of the city, an apple orchard was founded near the built Palace of Culture.
Currently, the park area is being improved:
- young fruit trees were planted;
- beautiful decorative objects were installed;
- a bright gazebo-gallery was built;
- There are benches for relaxation at the children's playground.
Trinity Church
Trinity Church was erected in 2007 on the territory of Valentinovsky Field. In 2003, a wooden church was erected in the name of the Holy Life-Giving Trinity, and in 2005 it was consecrated by Metropolitan Juvenaly of Krutitsky and Kolomna. In the same year, construction began on a large parish two-story brick building in the style of pre-Mongol churches.
The laying of the first stone of this Korolev landmark was carried out by Archbishop Gregory of Mozhaisk in November 2006. In the same year, the lower church was erected in honor of the Pochaev Icon of the Mother of God with the chapel of the Nativity of the Holy Prophet John the Baptist, St. Spyridon of Trimythous. A Sunday school and a library with video viewing facilities are open.
The temple houses the miraculous icon “The Image of Christ the Savior Not Made by Hands,” icons of Blessed Xenia and Matrona of Moscow, a large icon of the Holy Royal Passion-Bearers, and an icon of the rector of the church, John Monarshek, which is an exact copy of the Rublevsky Holy Trinity.
Religious centers of the city
For believers, Korolev has a number of objects of interest. Let's look at some of them.
The Church of Cosmas and Damian is the oldest landmark in the city
The date of construction of the wooden temple is 1585. More than 200 years later (in 1786), with the participation of P.I. Odoevsky, construction of a new building began, which has survived to this day. Inside the church, on a memorial plaque, it is attested that the burial of his daughter Daria Petrovna is located near the temple.
The wave of persecution aimed at combating religion did not spare the church itself and its clergy. The temple was subjected to destruction and robbery. Local residents managed to get permission from M.I. Kalinin to leave him alone. Restoration work was carried out by believers. People worked for free, bringing the necessary materials and icons from home. Other temples also provided assistance.
A valuable relic of the sanctuary is the icon of Cosmas and Damian with partial of their holy relics.
You can find the church at the address: Bolshevo microdistrict, Stantsionnaya street, 43.
Over the long history of its existence (since 1689), the Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary has had to endure more than one misfortune. Its finishing and equipment continued for 2 years. It was not large in size. It was built of red brick with white stone decorations. With the change of owners, changes occurred:
- under Princess Dolgorukova, the church was repaired and a wooden bell tower was built;
- the princess's daughter replaced the bell tower with a stone one;
- Kraft, who served as an elder in the church, equipped it with central heating.
Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary
After the temple was closed during Soviet times, it was subjected to repeated looting. The main shrine was stolen from it - the miraculous icon of the Smolensk Mother of God, which had been kept there for more than 200 years. Then a labor commune was located in the temple, and reconstruction took place. In 1954, the building was completely destroyed and a residential building was erected in its place. In 1995, a decision was made to revive the temple near this place. Since 2006, worship services have been resumed there.
Location: Kostino microdistrict, st. Kaliningradskaya, 1.
Passing by the Alexander Nevsky Chapel in the morning or evening, you can hear the melodic bell ringing
You can visit it by coming to Tsiolkovsky Street, 26.
It is part of the Memorial complex to fallen soldiers. The idea of the townspeople was that residents and guests of the city would have the opportunity to remember these people who gave their lives for our better future. The chapel was built with funds raised by the townspeople. By the start of work in 1998, this amount reached 200 thousand rubles. Inside it is equipped modestly, the room itself is small. You can talk with the priest on duty, or visit the church shop.
